Recent developments and technological advancements in wireless communication, MicroElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) technology and integrated circuits has enabled low-power, intelligent, miniaturized, invasive/non-invasive micro and nano-technology sensor nodes strategically placed in or around the human body to be used in various applications, such as personal health monitoring. This exciting new area of research is called Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) and leverages the emerging IEEE 802.15.6 and IEEE 802.15.4j standards, specifically standardized for medical WBANs. The aim of WBANs is to simplify and improve speed, accuracy, and reliability of communication of sensors/actuators within, on, and in the immediate proximity of a human body. The vast scope of challenges associated with WBANs has led to numerous publications. In this paper, we survey the current state-of-art of WBANs based on the latest standards and publications. Open issues and challenges within each area are also explored as a source of inspiration towards future developments in WBANs.

Wireless Body Area Networks: A Survey

Power Aware Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Wireless sensor networks for healthcare: A survey

The increasing use of wireless networks and the constant miniaturization of electrical devices has empowered the development of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs). In these networks various sensors are attached on clothing or on the body or even implanted under the skin. The wireless nature of the network and the wide variety of sensors offer numerous new, practical and innovative applications to improve health care and the Quality of Life. The sensors of a WBAN measure for example the heartbeat, the body temperature or record a prolonged electrocardiogram. Using a WBAN, the patient experiences a greater physical mobility and is no longer compelled to stay in the hospital. This paper offers a survey of the concept of Wireless Body Area Networks. First, we focus on some applications with special interest in patient monitoring. Then the communication in a WBAN and its positioning between the different technologies is discussed. An overview of the current research on the physical layer, existing MAC and network protocols is given. Further, cross layer and quality of service is discussed. As WBANs are placed on the human body and often transport private data, security is also considered. An overview of current and past projects is given. Finally, the open research issues and challenges are pointed out.

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A survey on wireless body area networks

Formally we have arrived at the middle of the book. So you may need a pause for recovering, a pause which we want to fill up by some fixed point theorems supplementing those which you already met or which you will meet in later chapters. The first group of results centres around Banach’s fixed point theorem. The latter is certainly a nice result since it contains only one simple condition on the map F, since it is so easy to prove and since it nevertheless allows a variety of applications. Therefore it is not astonishing that many mathematicians have been attracted by the question to which extent the conditions on F and the space Ω can be changed so that one still gets the existence of a unique or of at least one fixed point. The number of results produced this way is still finite, but of a statistical magnitude, suggesting at a first glance that only a random sample can be covered by a chapter or even a book of the present size. Fortunately (or unfortunately?) most of the modifications have not found applications up to now, so that there is no reason to write a cookery book about conditions but to write at least a short outline of some ideas indicating that this field can be as interesting as other chapters. A systematic account of more recent ideas and examples in fixed point theory should however be written by one of the true experts. Strange as it is, such a book does not seem to exist though so many people are puzzling out so many results.

Fixed Point Theory

For protecting users' private data, local differential privacy (LDP) has been leveraged to provide the privacy-preserving range query, thus supporting further statistical analysis. However, existing LDP-based range query approaches are limited by their properties, ie, collecting user data according to a pre-defined structure. These static frameworks would incur excessive noise added to the aggregated data especially in the low privacy budget setting. In this work, we propose an Adaptive Hierarchical Decomposition (AHEAD) protocol, which adaptively and dynamically controls the built tree structure, so that the injected noise is well controlled for maintaining high utility. Furthermore, we derive a guideline for properly choosing parameters for AHEAD so that the overall utility can be consistently competitive while rigorously satisfying LDP. Leveraging multiple real and synthetic datasets, we extensively show the effectiveness of AHEAD in both low and high dimensional range query scenarios, as well as its advantages over the state-of-the-art methods. In addition, we provide a series of useful observations for deploying \myahead in practice.

https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3460120.3485668

AHEAD: Adaptive Hierarchical Decomposition for Range Query under Local Differential Privacy

Wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSANs) in which actuators perform actuation based on sensory information exhibit great potential in environment control, building automation, agriculture, etc. In this paper, we focus on the problem of designing control methods for actuators to control the environment and meet user requirements based only on local sensory information. A novel distributed collaborative control strategy is proposed and shows good performance under system noises and communication unreliability.

Distributed Collaborative Control Using Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks

Real-time performance evaluation of urgent aperiodic messages in FF communication and its improvement ☆

An important process control trend is the implementation of digital communication with field control devices. Traditional distributed control systems are being augmented with smart field instruments. Foundation Fieldbus is a digital control network that interlinks such "smart" field instruments like sensors and actuators in a process control environment. In the Foundation Fieldbus all the control algorithms and data acquisition are executed by structures called function blocks. This paper attempts to improve the performance based on these function blocks. First, an introduction to the function blocks of Foundation Fieldbus and their structure and execution process are presented. Then, an example of a fermentation process is described. The structure of the control system and the implementation of distributed control based on function blocks are discussed. Finally, the problems related to system safety with function blocks and their programming language are dealt with.

How to improve control system performance using FF function blocks

A precise localization for mobile target in wireless sensor networks is presented in this letter, where a geometrical relationship is explored to improve the location estimation for mobile target, instead of a simple centroid approach. The equations of location compensation algorithm for mobile target are derived based on linear trajectory prediction and sensor selective activation. The results based on extensive simulation experiments show that the compensation algorithm gets better performance in metrics of quality of tracking and energy efficiency with the change of sensor sensing range, the ratio of sensing range and sensor activation range, and the data sampling rate than traditional methods, which means our proposing can achieve better quality-energy tradeoff for mobile target in wireless sensor networks.

Jiming Chen

Papers

AHEAD: Adaptive Hierarchical Decomposition for Range Query under Local Differential Privacy

Distributed Collaborative Control Using Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks

Real-time performance evaluation of urgent aperiodic messages in FF communication and its improvement ☆

How to improve control system performance using FF function blocks

Localization for mobile target in wireless sensor networks