There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

Statistics for analytical chemistry

In situ chemical oxidation of a carbamazepine solution was performed using persulfate anions simultaneously activated by heat energy (thermal, ultrasound), UV-C light, Fe2+ ions, and hydrogen peroxide. The main objective of this study was to analyze the mineralization reactions that occurred during the studied operating conditions. Solution TOC removal was nearly complete (99%) within 90 min, which prevented the accumulation of toxic intermediates. The mineralization process of carbamazepine solutions can be described using pseudo-second-order kinetics. Under acidic conditions, Fe2+ can exhibit catalytic effects on H2O2 decomposition and persulfate activation. With excess persulfate, an unproductive S2O82− decomposition reaction (with no generation of SO4 −) or a rapid reaction between excess sulfate radicals to produce sulfate anions could occur. Sulfate and hydroxyl radicals were involved in the main mineralization pathway. The influences of chloride ions on mineralization were also evaluated. The results demonstrated that this activated persulfate-based oxidation system could be used to control water pollution by emerging contaminants, such as carbamazepine.

In situ chemical oxidation of carbamazepine solutions using persulfate simultaneously activated by heat energy, UV light, Fe2+ ions, and H2O2

Chemometrics: A Textbook

Occurrence, interactive effects and ecological risk of diclofenac in environmental compartments and biota - a review

Derivative spectrophotometry—recent applications and directions of developments

Occurrence, removal, mass loading and environmental risk assessment of emerging organic contaminants in leachates, groundwaters and wastewaters

HPLC method for simultaneous determination of retinol, α-tocopherol and coenzyme Q10 in human plasma

Phenothiazine derivatives substituted in the 2 and 10 positions belong to a big group of tricyclic aromatic compounds. They are in extensive use in psychiatry as tranquilizers and neuroleptics. Due to their characteristic structure they exhibit many valuable analytical properties. They are easily oxidized in an acidic medium while generating color products. They also react with some thiocyanate and halide complexes of metals as well as some organic compounds, and form well-defined ion-association complexes. The properties mentioned above are the basis for utilizing the phenothiazine derivatives as reagents for chemical analysis. The physical and chemical properties of 2, 10-disubstituted phenothiazine derivatives are described in the presented paper in detail. The paper is divided into seven parts. The first chapter presents the physical properties of the phenothiazine derivatives, such as their physical state, thermal stability and solubility. The next part of the paper is devoted to the spectral properties of 2, 10-disubstituted phenothiazine derivatives. The influence of the type of substituents on the intensity and shape of the UV and fluorescence spectra of phenothiazine derivatives are discussed. Chapters 4 and 5 show the run and the mechanism of phenothiazine derivatives oxidation, their electrochemical properties and the analytical aspects of the described processes. Chapter 6 of the present paper is devoted to the complexing abilities of the phenothiazine derivatives. The paper is based on a review of the chemical literature up to 1995. A short specification of the analytical methods utilizing the physical and chemical properties of the phenothiazine derivatives is also included.

Analytical Properties of 2- and 10-Disubstituted Phenothiazine Derivatives

Peracids - New oxidants in advanced oxidation processes: The use of peracetic acid, peroxymonosulfate, and persulfate salts in the removal of organic micropollutants of emerging concern − A review

Joanna Karpińska

Papers

Derivative spectrophotometry—recent applications and directions of developments

Occurrence, removal, mass loading and environmental risk assessment of emerging organic contaminants in leachates, groundwaters and wastewaters

HPLC method for simultaneous determination of retinol, α-tocopherol and coenzyme Q10 in human plasma

Analytical Properties of 2- and 10-Disubstituted Phenothiazine Derivatives

Peracids - New oxidants in advanced oxidation processes: The use of peracetic acid, peroxymonosulfate, and persulfate salts in the removal of organic micropollutants of emerging concern − A review