Showing papers by "K. Nishikawa published in 2022"

Experience of Surgery for Advanced Gastric Cancer Performed after COVID-19 Infection

Abstract: 新型コロナウイルス感染症（corona virus disease 2019；以下，COVID-19と略記）の感染拡大に伴い，COVID-19罹患歴のある癌患者に対して外科的治療を行う機会の増加が予想される．手術リスクの観点から，待機可能な手術はCOVID-19診断から7週目以降に予定することが推奨されているが，癌の進行や緊急性により7週の待機が困難な場合もあり，その場合の院内感染対策を含む周術期管理については十分に確立されていない．今回，我々は手術前にCOVID-19に罹患した進行胃癌患者に対し，COVID-19罹患後6週後に院内感染対策を講じて手術加療を行った症例を経験したので報告する．

Histology Classification Highlights Differences in Efficacy of S-1 versus Capecitabine, in Combination with Cisplatin, for HER2-Negative Unresectable Advanced or Recurrent Gastric Cancer with Measurable Disease

Abstract: Simple Summary There is no clear preference between S-1 and capecitabine in combination with platinum agent as first-line therapy for patients with HER2-negative unresectable advanced or recurrent gastric cancer (GC) with measurable disease. Although a distinguishing use of S-1 versus capecitabine based on histological classification has been studied, the present integrated analysis, using 162 individual participant data of GC patients with measurable disease, is the first to show that S-1 plus cisplatin (SP) achieves deeper tumor shrinkage than capecitabine plus cisplatin (XP), leading a longer overall survival although no differences in response rate or progression-free survival in differentiated GC. On the other hand, in undifferentiated GC, SP consistently showed better clinical results than XP. These findings thus have implications for the choice of oral fluoropyrimidine in the era of first line therapy in combination with oxaliplatin and immune checkpoint inhibitor. Abstract It has been suggested that the therapeutic efficacy of S-1 + cisplatin (SP) and capecitabine + cisplatin (XP) may differ depending on the histology of the tumor, but no clear evidence exists. Individual participant data were obtained from three randomized phase II trials in which such patients received either SP (S-1 [40–60 mg twice daily for 21 days] plus cisplatin [60 mg/m2 on day 8], every 5 weeks) or XP (capecitabine [1000 mg/m2 twice daily for 14 days] plus cisplatin [80 mg/m2 on day 1], every 3 weeks). A total of 162 patients were included, with 79 patients in the SP arm and 83 patients in the XP arm. Although there was also no difference between arms in ORR according to histological classification, differentiated tumors showed a significantly better OS (but not PFS) for SP versus XP that was associated with a deeper tumor shrinkage. Undifferentiated tumors showed a consistently better OS, and PFS for SP versus XP, likely because cases without tumor shrinkage tended to be fewer for SP. Our data thus showed that SP was superior to XP in this setting, but there were qualitative differences in therapeutic efficacy dependent on tumor histology.

Measurement of a small atmospheric ν µ /ν e ratio The Super-Kamiokande Collaboration

Abstract: From an exposure of 25.5 kiloton-years of the Super-Kamiokande detector, 900 muon-like and 983 electron-like single-ring atmospheric neutrino interactions were detected with momentum p e > 100 MeV/ c , p µ > 200 MeV/ c , and with visible energy less than 1.33 GeV. Using a detailed Monte Carlo simulation, the ratio ( µ/e ) DATA / ( µ/e ) MC was measured to be 0 . 61 ± 0 . 03( stat. ) ± 0 . 05( sys. ), consistent with previous results from the Kamiokande, IMB and Soudan-2 experiments, and smaller than expected from theoretical models of atmospheric neutrino production.

Magneto-optical property and magnetic anisotropy of (100) oriented R0.5Bi2.5Fe5O12 (R = Eu, Sm, and Pr) thin films prepared by metal–organic decomposition

Abstract: Bi-substituted rare-earth iron garnets, R3− xBi xFe5O12 (Bi:RIG), where R represents one of the rare-earth elements, exhibit the excellent magneto-optical (MO) properties that increase with Bi content x. In addition, magnetic properties of Bi:RIGs, such as the magnetization, the magnetic anisotropy, and the magnetostriction, could be controlled by choosing rare-earth elements. In this paper, we report on R0.5Bi2.5Fe5O12 (Bi2.5:RIG, R = Pr, Sm, and Eu) thin films on Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG) (100) single crystal substrates prepared by the metal–organic decomposition method. XRD analysis reveals that Bi2.5:RIG thin films are grown along the same orientation with GGG substrates, and their lattice constants are dependent on the ionic radii of the rare-earth ions. MO measurements show that Faraday spectra of the Bi2.5:RIG thin films have a typical spectral structure observed for Bi:RIGs. The magnetic anisotropy constants, the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy energy Ku, and the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy K1 of Bi2.5:RIG (R = Y, Pr, Nd, Sm, and Eu) thin films are investigated by using the ferromagnetic resonance measurement.

Preparation and characterization of YMnO3 thin films by metal–organic decomposition

Abstract: Hexagonal rare-earth manganese oxide YMnO3 thin films were prepared on yttria-stabilized zirconia (111) substrates by metal organic decomposition method. The crystallinity and morphology of YMnO3 thin films crystallized at various temperatures were examined by X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy measurements, respectively. Single phase YMnO3 was obtained for the sample prepared by annealing temperatures of 950 °C. AFM analysis revealed that a smooth surface with a roughness of 0.15 nm was achieved for YMnO3 thin film annealed at 950 °C and 1000 °C, while three-dimensional growth for other samples prepared at 750–900 °C, 1050 °C, and 1100 °C. A narrow band at 1.6 eV and a broad band at 5 eV due to electronic transitions in the manganese and oxygen bands were observed in an absorption spectrum.

A Case of Unresectable Advanced Esophageal Cancer with Tuberculosis and Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura Due to Nivolumab

Abstract: 免疫チェックポイント阻害薬（immune checkpoint inhibitor；以下，ICIと略記）は免疫機序を介すると考えられている免疫関連有害事象（immune-related adverse events；以下，irAEと略記）の発生が問題となっている．今回，切除不能進行食道癌に対して3rd lineでニボルマブを使用したところ，4コース施行後にICI関連結核を発症した．6か月の休薬期間を経て結核治療と並行しニボルマブを再開すると，再投与3週間後にirAEである肝障害・腎障害に加えて，免疫性血小板減少性紫斑病を発症した．入院でのステロイド治療が開始となり，治療開始から2週間で血小板は正常まで回復し，肝障害や腎障害も改善した．治療開始後1か月で軽快退院となった．現在，ニボルマブの最終投与から約3か月経過しているが，腫瘍の進行を認めていない．

[A Case Report of Stage Ⅳb Thoracic Esophageal Cancer Responding to Multidisciplinary Treatment].

Abstract: A 68-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of back pain during swallowing. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a lower esophageal type 3 tumor. The patient was diagnosed with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by the biopsy specimen. CT scan showed thoracic lower esophagus wall thickening, left paracardiac lymph node swelling, and a low-density area in the liver. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with Stage Ⅳb esophageal cancer. After introducing cisplatin plus 5-FU combination therapy, the liver metastasis disappeared. After 9 chemotherapy courses, the patient received radical chemoradiotherapy. After completing chemoradiotherapy, the patient was followed up without any treatment. After 3 years since the treatment initiation, the patient is surviving without any relapse.

Evaluating Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Lower Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Measuring Esophageal Wall Thickness

Abstract: Abstract Background/Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative chemotherapy for stage II-III esophageal squamous cell carcinoma based on an objective computed tomography method. Patients and Methods: A total of 82 patients who underwent preoperative chemotherapy followed by surgery for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from January 2006 to June 2019 were included. Treatment effect was evaluated by measuring the esophageal wall thickness before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy using contrast-enhanced thoracoabdominal computed tomography. The percentage decrease in esophageal wall thickness was calculated using the following formula: reduction (%)=(wall thickness before preoperative chemotherapy − wall thickness after preoperative chemotherapy)/(wall thickness before preoperative chemotherapy)×100. We demonstrated the efficacy of this measurement method and then analyzed which patient factors might affect the treatment effect. Results: Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed the percentage tumor reduction to be a good predictor of histological therapeutic effect (grade ≥2) (area under the curve=0.727). In the multivariate analysis, tumor location (lower versus upper esophagus) was identified as an independent factor associated with tumor reduction (odds ratio=0.15; 95% confidence interval=0.03-0.79; p=0.025). Conclusion: We demonstrated an association between the reduction of esophageal wall thickness in the tumoral area and the histological therapeutic effect of chemotherapy. Secondary analysis showed poorer tumor reduction in patients with lower esophageal cancer than in those with upper esophageal cancer.

[Case of Robot-Assisted Low Anterior Resection with Total Cystectomy for Rectal Cancer Invading the Urinary Bladder/Prostate in Collaboration with Urologists].

Abstract: We present a case of a 72-year-old man diagnosed with rectal cancer invading the urinary bladder/prostate. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy substantially reduced the tumor size. In collaboration with urologists, robot-assisted low anterior resection with total cystectomy was performed using the da Vinci Xi system. Depending on the surgical situation, the colorectal surgeon and urologist could smoothly and rapidly play the role of a console surgeon. Although the first robot-assisted multi-organ resection of our institution, the surgery was completed safely without any complications. Although the patient developed urinary tract infection postoperatively, he recovered and was discharged after postoperative 23 days. In conclusion, robot-assisted surgery would be useful in pelvic surgery involving multiple departments such as colorectal surgery, urology, and gynecology.

2003 A search for periodic modulations of the solar neutrino flux in Super-Kamiokande-I The Super-Kamiokande Collaboration

Abstract: A search for periodic modulations of the solar neutrino flux was performed using the Super-Kamiokande-I data taken from May 31st, 1996 to July 15th, 2001. The detector’s capability of measuring the exact time of events, combined with a relatively high yield of solar neutrino events, allows a search for short-time variations in the observed flux. We employed the Lomb test to look for periodic modulations of the observed solar neutrino flux. The obtained periodogram is consistent with statistical fluctuation and no significant periodicity was found.

[Successful Treatment with TACE and RFA for a Hepatocellular Carcinoma Case with Lung Metastasis].

Abstract: We report a hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)case with lung metastasis that was successfully treated with transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)and percutaneous radiofrequency ablation(RFA). A man in his 60s took right robe liver resection for HCC after TACE for its rupture. Lung metastasis occurred at S1+2 and S6 in the left lung, and an adverse event interrupted standard molecular target therapies. Because extrahepatic metastasis had been seen only in these two locations for a long time, TACE was performed for both metastases. The feeders for both lesions were each intercostal artery, and controlling the drug inflow was necessary to avoid drug influx into the spinal cord branches when S6 metastasis was treated. The viable lesion remained in the S6 lesion, so RFA was added for both lung metastases. 100% tumor necrosis has been observed since the RFA.

[A Case of Palliative Abdominoperineal Resection and Perineal Reconstruction by Gluteus Maximus Flap following Regrowth of Primary Anal Canal Cancer with the Perianal Skin Infiltration after CRT].

Abstract: An 85-year-old woman who visited the hospital with sores on the perianal skin was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal(cT3N1aM0, cStage ⅢC). She received chemoradiotherapy(radiation total 54 Gy/30 Fr, mitomycin C/capecitabine). The tumor initially shrank, but regrowth of the primary lesion, extensive perianal skin infiltration, and the appearance of para aortic lymph node metastases was observed 6 months later. Laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection was performed to mitigate strong local symptoms. The perineal defect was repaired with bilateral gluteus maximus flap(V- Y flap). The operation prevented anal pain and improved ADL. The patient is currently undergoing chemotherapy 7 months after surgery. We report the case with a review of the literature in which ADL was improved by salvage surgery for tumor regrowth with severe local symptoms and distant metastases after chemoradiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal.

A Case of Mixed Neuroendocrine and Non-Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of the Esophagus with Rapid Progression of Postoperative Metastatic Recurrence Accompanying Trousseau’s Syndrome

Abstract: 症例は67歳の男性で，嚥下時のつかえ感を主訴に受診し，上部消化管内視鏡検査にて胸部下部食道に2型腫瘍とその周囲に0-IIc病変を認めた．生検にて扁平上皮癌および神経内分泌細胞癌を認め，胸部下部食道癌（cT3N2M0 cStage III）の診断に至った．FP療法（5-fluorouracil+CDDP）を2コース施行し，胸腔鏡下食道亜全摘術，2領域+#101郭清，胸骨後経路胃管再建術を施行した．術後2か月目に多発リンパ節転移，肝転移を来した．神経内分泌細胞癌の転移を想定しIP療法（CPT-11+CDDP）を開始したが，Trousseau症候群を併発した．その後もIP療法を継続したが病態の進行を認め，術後7か月で永眠した．根治切除後に急速な転移再発を認め，Trousseau症候群を合併した食道mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasmsの1例を経験したため報告する．

99 08 04 9 v 3 1 D ec 1 99 9 Neutrino-induced upward stopping muons in Super-Kamiokande ( March 25 , 2022 ) The Super-Kamiokande Collaboration

Abstract: Y.Fukuda, K.Ishihara, Y.Itow, T.Kajita, J.Kameda, S.Kasuga, K.Kobayashi, Y.Kobayashi, Y.Koshio, M.Miura, M.Nakahata, S.Nakayama, Y.Obayashi, A.Okada, K.Okumura, N.Sakurai, M.Shiozawa, Y.Suzuki, H.Takeuchi, Y.Takeuchi, Y.Totsuka, S.Yamada, M.Earl, A.Habig, E.Kearns, M.D.Messier, K.Scholberg, J.L.Stone, L.R.Sulak, C.W.Walter, M.Goldhaber, T.Barszczak, D.Casper, W.Gajewski, W.R.Kropp, S.Mine, L.R.Price, M.Smy, H.W.Sobel, M.R.Vagins, K.S.Ganezer, W.E.Keig, R.W.Ellsworth , S.Tasaka, A.Kibayashi, J.G.Learned, S.Matsuno, V.J.Stenger, D.Takemori, T.Ishii, H.Ishino, T.Kobayashi, K.Nakamura, Y.Oyama, A.Sakai, M.Sakuda, O.Sasaki, S.Echigo, M.Kohama, A.T.Suzuki , T.Inagaki, K.Nishikawa, T.J.Haines, E.Blaufuss, B.K.Kim, R.Sanford, R.Svoboda, M.L.Chen, J.A.Goodman, G.W.Sullivan, J.Hill, C.K.Jung, K.Martens, C.Mauger, C.McGrew, E.Sharkey, B.Viren, C.Yanagisawa, W.Doki, M.Kirisawa, S.Inaba, K.Miyano, H.Okazawa, C.Saji, M.Takahashi, M.Takahata, K.Higuchi, Y.Nagashima, M.Takita, T.Yamaguchi, M.Yoshida, S.B.Kim, M.Etoh, A.Hasegawa, T.Hasegawa, S.Hatakeyama, K.Inoue, T.Iwamoto, M.Koga, T.Maruyama, H.Ogawa, J.Shirai, A.Suzuki, F.Tsushima, M.Koshiba, Y.Hatakeyama, M.Koike, M.Nemoto, K.Nishijima, H.Fujiyasu, T.Futagami, Y.Hayato, Y.Kanaya, K.Kaneyuki, Y.Watanabe, D.Kielczewska, J.S.George, A.L.Stachyra, R.J.Wilkes, K.K.Young Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Tanashi, Tokyo 188-8502, Japan Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-4575, USA Department of Physics, California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA 90747, USA Department of Physics, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA Department of Physics, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu 501-1193, Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA Inst. of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Org. (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan Department of Physics, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan Physics Division, P-23, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, USA Department of Physics, Niigata University, Niigata, Niigata 950-2181, Japan Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan Department of Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan Department of Physics, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute for Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan Institute of Experimental Physics, Warsaw University, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1560, USA