K. Sakai

TL;DR: In this article, the acceleration of ions leaving a plasma layer with different density gradients, from a step-like overdense plasma to an underdense plasma with a smooth density gradient, was analyzed.

TL;DR: In this article, a short-pulsed laser of TEM (1, 0) + TEM(0, 1) was used to trap electrons in transverse and accelerate them with the longitudinal ponderomotive force at the same time.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that electrons are trapped well by the laser potential well, and that at the same time the acceleration by the longitudinal ponderomotive force induces the electron bunch compression, which can be compressed to the scale of the laser pulse length.

TL;DR: In this paper, an attosecond electron beam generation was studied by an intense short-pulse TEM (1,0) + TEM(0,1)-mode laser with a plasma separator in vacuum.

TL;DR: In this article, a focused short-pulse laser in the TEM(1, 0)+TEM(0, 1) mode has a confinement effect on electrons in the transverse direction due to transverse ponderomotive force, and at the same time the electrons are accelerated and compressed longitudinally by a longitudinal electric field.