Showing papers by "Karl Peter Giese published in 2013"
TL;DR: Although these kinases are important for learning and memory processes, much remains to be learned as to how they act, so it will be important to identify and characterize the critical phosphorylation substrates so that a sophisticated understanding of learning andMemory processes will be achieved.
Abstract: In the adult mammalian brain, more than 250 protein kinases are expressed, but only a few of these kinases are currently known to enable learning and memory. Based on this information it appears that learning and memory-related kinases either impact on synaptic transmission by altering ion channel properties or ion channel density, or regulate gene expression and protein synthesis causing structural changes at existing synapses as well as synaptogenesis. Here, we review the roles of these kinases in short-term memory formation, memory consolidation, memory storage, retrieval, reconsolidation, and extinction. Specifically, we discuss the roles of calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), the calcium/calmodulin kinase cascade, extracellular signal regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA), cGMP-dependent protein kinase G (PKG), the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, and protein kinase M ζ (PKMζ). Although these kinases are important for learning and memory processes, much remains to be learned as to how they act. Therefore, it will be important to identify and characterize the critical phosphorylation substrates so that a sophisticated understanding of learning and memory processes will be achieved. This will also allow for a systematic analysis of dysfunctional kinase activity in mental disorders.
208 citations
TL;DR: Genetic associations between the human CAMK2A gene and the performance in a spatial and a non-spatial working memory (non-SWM) task in two independent human samples are reported.
Abstract: Working memory is impaired in a number of psychiatric conditions.1, 2 An important role of alpha Ca2+/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II in learning and memory has been shown in rodent models. However, these findings have not been confirmed in humans yet. Here, we report genetic associations between the human CAMK2A gene and the performance in a spatial and a non-spatial working memory (non-SWM) task in two independent human samples.
20 citations
TL;DR: Toro et al. as mentioned in this paper corrected an error in Dr Toro's name and used the complete and correct author name of R Toro to correct the error in the advance publication of this article.
Abstract: Correction to: Molecular Psychiatry advance online publication 24 July 2012; 10.1038/mp.2012.114 Following the online publication of this article, the authors noted an error in Dr Toro’s name. The complete and correct author name is R Toro.
9 citations