To say that this is the best book on the quantum theory of fields is no praise, since to my knowledge it is the only book on this subject But it is a very good and most useful book The original was written in German and appeared in 1942 This is a translation with some minor changes A few remarks have been added, concerning meson theory and nuclear forces, also footnotes referring to modern work in this field, and finally an appendix on the symmetrization of the energy momentum tensor according to Belinfante Quantum Theory of Fields Prof Gregor Wentzel Translated from the German by Charlotte Houtermans and J M Jauch Pp ix + 224, (New York and London: Interscience Publishers, Inc, 1949) 36s

Quantum Theory of Fields

Annals of physics

Dyson-Schwinger equations and their application to hadronic physics

This article is devoted to the perturbative renormalization of the abelian Higgs-Kibble model, within the class of renormalizable gauges which are odd under charge conjugation. The Bogoliubov Parasiuk Hepp-Zimmermann renormalization scheme is used throughout, including the renormalized action principle proved by Lowenstein and Lam. The whole study is based on the fulfillment to all orders of perturbation theory of the Slavnov identities which express the invariance of the Lagrangian under a supergauge type family of non-linear transformations involving the Faddeev-Popov ghosts. Direct combinatorial proofs are given of the gauge independence and unitarity of the physicalS operator. Their simplicity relies both on a systematic use of the Slavnov identities as well as suitable normalization conditions which allow to perform all mass renormalizations, including those pertaining to the ghosts, so that the theory can be given a setting within a fixed Fock space. Some simple gauge independent local operators are constructed.

/pdf/renormalization-of-the-abelian-higgs-kibble-model-14fr0vp7oj.pdf

Renormalization of the Abelian Higgs-Kibble Model

We review the current status of nonperturbative studies of gauge field theory using the Dyson-Schwinger equation formalism and its application to hadronic physics. We begin with an introduction to the formalism and a discussion of renormalisation in this approach. We then review the current status of studies of Abelian gauge theories [e.g., strong coupling quantum electrodynamics] before turning our attention to the non-Abelian gauge theory of the strong interaction, quantum chromodynamics. We discuss confinement, dynamical chiral symmetry breaking and the application and contribution of these techniques to our understanding of the strong interactions.

Dyson-Schwinger Equations and the Application to Hadronic Physics

http://cds.cern.ch/record/502022/files/0105299.pdf

Vacuum condensate of mass dimension 2 as the origin of mass gap and quark confinement

This is a brief summary of recent works on the possibility of vacuum condensate of mass dimension 2 in Yang-Mills theory as the gluon sector of QCD. In particular, I discuss the physical implications due to this condensate, especially, for the mass gap and quark confinement. This talk is mainly based on a recent paper [1] and papers in preparation [2].

Vacuum condensate of mass dimension 2 as the origin of mass gap and quark confinement (A review)

Quark confinement: Dual superconductor picture based on a non-Abelian Stokes theorem and reformulations of Yang–Mills theory

We discuss the renormalization of a Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) and anti-BRST invariant composite operator of mass dimension 2 in Yang-Mills theory with general BRST and anti-BRST invariant gauge-fixing terms of Lorentz type. The interest of this study stems from a recent claim that the nonvanishing vacuum condensate of the composite operator in question can be an origin of mass gap and quark confinement in any manifestly covariant gauge, as proposed by one of the authors. First, we obtain the renormalization group flow of the Yang-Mills theory. Next, we show the multiplicative renormalizability of the composite operator and that the BRST and anti-BRST invariance of the bare composite operator is preserved under the renormalization. Third, we perform the operator product expansion of the gluon and ghost propagators and obtain the Wilson coefficient corresponding to the vacuum condensate of mass dimension 2. Finally, we discuss the connection of this work with previous works and argue the physical implications of the obtained results.

Renormalizing a Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin-invariant composite operator of mass dimension 2 in Yang-Mills theory

We give a theoretical framework to obtain a low-energy effective theory of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) towards a first-principle derivation of confinement/deconfinement and chiral-symmetry breaking/restoration crossover transitions. In fact, we demonstrate that an effective theory obtained using simple but nontrivial approximations within this framework enables us to treat both transitions simultaneously on equal footing. A resulting effective theory is regarded as a modified and improved version of nonlocal Polyakov-loop extended Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (nonlocal PNJL) models proposed recently by Hell, R\"ossner, Cristoforetti, and Weise, and Sasaki, Friman, and Redlich, extending the original (local) PNJL model by Fukushima and others. A novel feature is that the nonlocal NJL coupling depends explicitly on the temperature and Polyakov loop, which affects the entanglement between confinement and chiral-symmetry breaking, together with the cross term introduced through the covariant derivative in the quark sector considered in the conventional PNJL model. The chiral-symmetry breaking/restoration transition is controlled by the nonlocal NJL interaction, while the confinement/deconfinement transition in the pure gluon sector is specified by the nonperturbative effective potential for the Polyakov loop obtained recently by Braun, Gies, Marhauser, and Pawlowski. The basic ingredients are a reformulation of QCD based on new variables and the flow equation of the Wetterich type in the Wilsonian renormalization group. This framework can be applied to investigate the QCD phase diagram at finite temperature and density.

Kei-Ichi Kondo

Papers

Vacuum condensate of mass dimension 2 as the origin of mass gap and quark confinement

Vacuum condensate of mass dimension 2 as the origin of mass gap and quark confinement (A review)

Quark confinement: Dual superconductor picture based on a non-Abelian Stokes theorem and reformulations of Yang–Mills theory

Renormalizing a Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin-invariant composite operator of mass dimension 2 in Yang-Mills theory

Toward a first-principle derivation of confinement and chiral-symmetry-breaking crossover transitions in QCD