The IEEE 802.3av 10G-EPON Standardization work was completed in September 2009, and 10 Gbit/s Ethernet-based next-generation access is now proceeding to the next stage. We review key features of the IEEE 802.3av Specifications and its research and development status.

IEEE 802.3av 10G-EPON Standardization and Its Research and Development Status

Aspects of the present invention provide energy conserving communications for networked thermostats powered, in part, by batteries. A thermostat communication server stores a thermostat battery-level to determine what data should be sent to the thermostat. The thermostat communication server classifies types of data to be transmitted to the thermostat according to a data priority ranging from a low-priority to a high-priority data type. If the battery-level associated with the battery on the thermostat is at a low battery-level, the thermostat communication server may only transmit data classified under a high-priority data type. This conserves the power used by the thermostat, allows the battery on the thermostat time to recharge and perform other functions. If the battery-level of the thermostat is at a high level, the thermostat communication server may transmit a range of data to the thermostat classified from a low-priority type to a high-priority data type.

Methods and systems for data interchange between a network-connected thermostat and cloud-based management server

We present a hybrid dense wavelength-division-multiplexed time-division multiple access passive optical network (DWDM-TDMA PON) with record performance in terms of reach (135.1 km of which 124 km were field-installed fibers), number of supported optical network units (ONUs-8192) and capacity (symmetric 320 Gb/s). This was done using 32-, 50-GHz-spaced downstream wavelengths and another 32-, 50-GHz-spaced upstream wavelengths, each carrying 10 Gb/s traffic (256 ONUs per wavelength, upstream operated in burst mode). The 10 Gb/s downstream channels were based upon DFB lasers (arranged in a DWDM grid), whose outputs were modulated using a electro-absorption modulator (EAM). The downstream channels were terminated using avalanche photodiodes in the optical networks units (ONUs). Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) provided the gain to overcome the large fiber and splitting losses. The 10 Gb/s upstream channels were based upon seed carriers (arranged in a DWDM grid) distributed from the service node towards the optical network units (ONUs) located in the user's premises. The ONUs boosted, modulated, and reflected these seed carriers back toward the service node using integrated 10 Gb/s reflective EAM-SOAs (EAM-semiconductor optical amplifier). This seed carrier distribution scheme offers the advantage that all wavelength referencing is done in the well-controlled environment of the service node. The bursty upstream channels were further supported by gain stabilized EDFAs and a 3R 10 Gb/s burst-mode receiver with electronic dispersion compensation. The demonstrated network concept allows integration of metro and optical access networks into a single all-optical system, which has potential for capital and operational expenditure savings for operators.

A 135-km 8192-Split Carrier Distributed DWDM-TDMA PON With 2 $\,\times\,$ 32 $\,\times\,$ 10 Gb/s Capacity

Provided according to one or more embodiments herein are methods, systems and related architectures for facilitating network communications between a wireless network-connected thermostat and a cloud-based management server in a manner that promotes reduced power usage and extended service life of a rechargeable battery of the thermostat, while at the same time accomplishing timely data transfer between the thermostat and the cloud-based management server for suitable and time-appropriate control of an HVAC system. The thermostat further comprises powering circuitry configured to: extract electrical power from one or more HVAC control wires in a manner that does not require a “common” wire; supply electrical power for thermostat operation; recharge the rechargeable battery (if needed) using any surplus extracted power; and discharge the rechargeable battery to assist in supplying electrical power for thermostat operation during intervals in which the extracted power alone is insufficient for thermostat operation.

Power-preserving communications architecture with long-polling persistent cloud channel for wireless network-connected thermostat

The burst-mode 3R receiver using monolithic ICs for 10-Gbit/s-class optical access networks is reported. In a point-to-multipoint access system like a passive optical network (PON), the receiver at the optical line terminal (OLT) must be able to handle burst-mode optical packets with significantly different powers and phases. An OLT receiver with high sensitivity with instantaneous response to burst inputs is desired for widening the accommodation area and for high efficiency in PON uplinks. Currently, the diffusion of high-speed Internet connection services represented by fiber to the home services at 1.25 Gbit/s is remarkable and the standardization of the next-generation system operating at 10 Gbit/s has started in IEEE. We first discuss the issues in the implementation of 10-Gbit/s-class PON systems, focusing on securing the accommodation area and the quality of the service comparable with those of the deployed system. Against that background, we propose target specifications for sensitivity, a dynamic range and response speed of the 10-Gbit/s-class burst-mode receiver so as to secure the power budget and the upstream efficiency comparable with those of the already-installed systems. Our burst-mode 3R receiver was designed to meet the above requirements and developed using monolithic ICs of transimpedance amplifier, limiting amplifier, and clock and data recovery circuit fabricated by using SiGe BiCMOS technologies along with a p-i-n photodiode. High sensitivity of , a wide dynamic range of over 16.5 dB, and quick response time of 75 ns were confirmed for burst inputs with extremely different powers.

A Burst-Mode 3R Receiver for 10-Gbit/s PON Systems With High Sensitivity, Wide Dynamic Range, and Fast Response

In the coming 5G mobile communications era, a huge number of wireless access points will be densely deployed for networks such as mobile fronthaul and Internet-of-Things networks. A network-slicing-based time-division-multiplexing passive optical network (TDM-PON) is one solution for cost-effectively accommodating these access points. It enables us to converge these multiple networks that have different requirements by virtually isolating each sub-network on a single TDM-PON. To achieve this TDM-PON convergence, we propose a dynamic bandwidth allocation scheme that performs uplink bandwidth allocations in a different manner at every sub-network in order to simultaneously satisfy each sub-network requirement. Experiments show that the scheme can simultaneously provide low-latency transmission, bandwidth guarantee, and an auto-discovery process.

Dynamic bandwidth allocation scheme for network-slicing-based TDM-PON toward the beyond-5G era

A burst-mode bit-synchronization IC applied to the upstream transmission in a gigabit Ethernet passive optical network (PON) was experimentally verified to have a large tolerance for pulse-width distortion within plusmn0.66 UI. The extra tolerance of 0.22 UI over the IEEE 802.3ah specification can be assigned to additional distortion generated at an optical receiver incorporated into an optical line terminal. Such a large tolerance was attained by precisely generated eight-phase clocks based on theoretical analyses of distortion tolerance considering real circuit parameters and by an enhanced data selector incorporating a pulse-width detector to monitor the pulse-widths of isolated bits. The IC developed includes a burst into series transformer to permit connection to commercially available PON LSI developed for serial data transmission in Ethernet systems. The theoretical study into the numbers of allowable bit errors and consecutive pattern matches in byte synchronization established following two conditions: 1) allowable error more than one bit in synchronization pattern with 10-bit length was required to hold the synchronization loss rate to less than a few times per year and 2) consecutive pattern matching more than twice was required to hold the synchronization error rate to less than a few times per year

A Burst-Mode Bit-Synchronization IC With Large Tolerance for Pulse-Width Distortion for Gigabit Ethernet PON

Novel 10G-EPON dual-rate burst-mode 3R transceiver with receiver sensitivity of -31.2dBm for 10.3Gb/s and -35.6dBm for 1.25Gb/s was developed. 10G-EPON and GE-PON coexisting system of 32x ONUs with loss budget of 33.5dB was successfully demonstrated.

First demonstration of 10G-EPON and GE-PON co-existing system employing dual-rate burst-mode 3R transceiver

The control device includes a power-saving control unit that intermittently repeats, based on a power saving permission signal transmitted from the master station apparatus, power saving control in which the slave station stops or reduces power supply to a transmitter or a receiver for a predetermined pause duration while maintaining a communication link and a monitoring unit that monitors out of synchronization by comparing a synchronization signal received from the OLT and a time of the ONU. The control device shifts from a registered state to a deregistered state when the monitoring unit detects the out of synchronization. On the other hand, after the pause duration of the power saving control, the control device suppresses the shift to the deregistered state due to the detection of the out of synchronization.

Kenichi Nakura

Papers

Dynamic bandwidth allocation scheme for network-slicing-based TDM-PON toward the beyond-5G era

A Burst-Mode Bit-Synchronization IC With Large Tolerance for Pulse-Width Distortion for Gigabit Ethernet PON

First demonstration of 10G-EPON and GE-PON co-existing system employing dual-rate burst-mode 3R transceiver

First demonstration of 10G-EPON and GE-PON co-existing system employing dual-rate burst-mode 3R transceiver

Communication method for optical communication system, optical communication system, slave station apparatus, control device, and computer program