The performance parameters of the corrugated solar still (CrSS) and conventional solar still (CSS) are investigated
experimentally from another point of view. The authors' view concerns with using the double layer wick material
and also reflectors together inside the CrSS. In addition, the influence of saline water depth (1, 2, and 3 cm) on
CrSS performance was also investigated. Results indicated an enhancement in the total productivity and efficiency of the CrSS. During experimentations, the productivities of CrSS with wick and reflectors are about 145.5%
higher than the CSS, at a brine depth of 1 cm, and the daily efficiency of CrSS and CSS are approximately 59%
and 33%, respectively.

دراسة عملية لوحدة تقطير ذات ماص مموج مع خيش وعواكس / Experimental investigation of corrugated absorber solar still with wick and reflectors

A new optimized artificial neural network model to predict thermal efficiency and water yield of tubular solar still

Herein, five alternative combinations were applied on and under the still basin to enhance tubular solar still performance. Firstly, using a v-corrugated aluminum basin. Secondly, adding wick material to the v-corrugated aluminum basin. Thirdly, adding carbon black (CB) nanofluid on wick material located on the v-corrugated aluminum basin (heat localization). Fourthly, using phase change materials (pure paraffin wax) under the v-corrugated aluminum basin integrated with wicks and carbon black nanofluid (1.5 wt.%). Finally, the best case consists of the v-corrugated basin combined with wick, 1.5 wt.% CB nanofluid and CB nanoparticles with 3 wt.% were added to paraffin wax under the basin. The results showed that the productivity was enhanced by 21.4, 42.77, 58.48, 73.56, and 88.84% for the cases with the previous order. For the best case (fifth case), the thermal energy and exergy efficiencies were enhanced by 82.16 and 221.8%, respectively, whereas the cost could be saved by 22.47 %, compared to the conventional tubular solar still. Accordingly, the proposed materials and their combinations led to acceptable and feasible enhancement in the tubular solar still performance due to the improved heat transfer characteristics, and hence the increased evaporation rate.

Performance enhancement of tubular solar still using nano-enhanced energy storage material integrated with v-corrugated aluminum basin, wick, and nanofluid

Solar still is one of the economic and eminent ways of desalinating the available sea/brackish water into potable water. However, the distillate output from the solar still is moderate and various researches are being conducted to improve the productivity of solar still. In this research, a novel bottom finned (solid and hollow) absorber basin is designed and developed to enhance the heat transfer between absorber and phase change material (PCM) which further improves the freshwater productivity from the solar still. The results of the investigation are compared with the conventional solar still. The three single-slope solar stills considered developed for evaluating the effect of modification on the freshwater productivity are (i) conventional solar still (CSS), (ii) solar still with hollow finned absorber inserted in energy storage (SSHFES), and (c) solar still with solid finned absorber inserted in energy storage (SSSFES). The investigation results reported that the SSHFES has greater productivity when compared with the SSSFES and CSS. The freshwater productivity from the SSHFES is 4085 mL/m2 day, whereas the freshwater productivity from SSSFES and CSS is 3485 mL/m2 day and 2885 mL/m2 day, respectively. The efficiency of SSHFES and SSSFES is increased by 41.67% and 20.81% relative to the CSS. It is observed from economic analysis that the cost per liter (CPL) freshwater produced by SSHFES, SSSFES and CSS is about ₹ 2.3 ($ 0.032), ₹ 2.5 ($ 0.034), and ₹2.6 ($ 0.036), respectively. The payback periods of SSHFES, SSSFES, and CSS is 6.3 months, 6.8 months, and 7.1 months, respectively. Also, the enviroeconomic analysis conferred that the carbon credit gained from the SSHFES is $189.28 whereas SSSFES and CSS gained only $158.2 and $132.02. Based on the current study, it is observed that the solar still with hollow finned absorber inserted in energy storage (SSHFES) is effective when compared to others and it is viable for potable water production at cheaper costs.

Productivity enhancement of single-slope solar still with novel bottom finned absorber basin inserted in phase change material (PCM): techno-economic and enviro-economic analysis

Improving the thermo-economic performance of hemispherical solar distiller using copper oxide nanofluids and phase change materials: Experimental and theoretical investigation

Performance improvement of a tubular solar still using V-corrugated absorber with wick materials: Numerical and experimental investigations

The current experimental work aims to improve an accumulative yield of tubular solar distillers. This was achieved by utilizing the pin fins and external condenser coupled with the tubular solar distiller. The tubular distillers are characterized by having a large receiving and condensing surface area compared to a traditional single-slope distiller; therefore, the utilization of pin fins is very effective to increase the evaporation rate, as well as the external condenser was utilized to increase the condensation rate. In order to achieve this vision, the experimental study mainly included two axes: namely, in the first axis, the effect of utilizing the pin fins on the cumulative yield of tubular solar distillers was studied, as well as obtaining the optimal orientation of the pin fins to reduce the shadow effect generated inside the basin. In the second axis, the effect of utilizing an external condenser and the inclined pin fins on an accumulative yield of the tubular solar distiller was studied. To investigate this idea, in the first study axis, three tubular distillers were constructed and tested at the same conditions, namely conventional tubular solar still (CTSS), modified tubular solar still with vertical pin fins (MTSS-VPF), and modified tubular solar still with inclined pin fins (MTSS-IPF). In the second study axis, two tubular distillers were constructed and tested at the same conditions, namely CTSS and modified tubular solar still with inclined pin fins and condenser (MTSS-IPF+Condenser). The results presented that the enhancement in accumulative yield reached 18% and 27.6% for utilizing the vertical and inclined pin fins, respectively, as compared to CTSS. These results show that the utilization of inclined pin fins represents a good option to improve the accumulative yield of tubular distillers. Also, the accumulative yield and the daily efficiency achieved by utilization of the external condenser and the inclined pin fins (MHSS-IPF+Condenser) reached to 5.94 L/m2/day and 54.9% with an improvement of 70.2% and 71.6%, respectively, as compared to CTSS.

Performance improvement of modified tubular solar still by employing vertical and inclined pin fins and external condenser: an experimental study.

The hemispherical distiller characteristics are having a large surface area for receiving and condensing compared to a conventional single-slope distiller To achieve the maximum possible utilization of this feature, in first the Al2O3 nanoparticles were adding to the basin water to increase the evaporation rate, in the second modification the glass cover cooling technology was utilized to increase the condensation rate To investigate the influences of Al2O3-water nanofluid and the glass cover cooling technology by a water sprinkler on hemispherical solar distiller performance, three hemispherical solar distillers were designed and tested in the same climate conditions The first is the reference case (conventional hemispherical solar distiller), second is the modified hemispherical solar distiller with Al2O3-water nanofluid, and the third is the modified hemispherical solar distiller with Al2O3-water nanofluid and water sprinkler Three different concentrations of Al2O3 nanoparticles 01, 02, and 03% were studied Results showed that, the accumulative yield of traditional hemispherical solar distiller reached 3280 ml/m2/day, while the utilization of Al2O3-water nanofluid and the water sprinkler improve the accumulative yield to 6750, 6900, and 7250 ml/m2/day, with improvement 1058, 1104, and 121% of the volume friction of 01, 02, and 03%, respectively Also, the improvement in the daily efficiency for utilizing the Al2O3 nanoparticles and water sprinkler reached 1057, 1097, and 1201% for nanoparticle concentrations 01, 02, and 03%, respectively as compared to the reference case

Productivity enhancement of hemispherical solar still using Al 2 O 3 -water-based nanofluid and cooling the glass cover

The experimental study in this manuscript aims to enhance the performance of tubular solar distillers. The tubular distillers are characterized by having a large surface area for receiving and condensing compared to a single-slope distiller, and accordingly, the use of floating sponge layers is a good and very effective choice in increasing the rate of evaporation and thus improving the cumulative yield of the tubular distillers. In order to obtain the optimum specifications of the sponge layers that achieve the highest performance of the tubular distillers, four tubular distillers were designed and constructed; the first is a reference distiller without sponge and the other three tubular distillers contain the sponge layers with different specifications. The experimentations were conducted in two stages: in the first stage, three different thicknesses of the sponge layer (20, 30, and 40 mm) were studied. In the second stage, three different densities of the sponge layer (16, 20, and 30 kg/m3) were studied. All test cases were compared with reference distiller under the same climatic conditions of Egypt. The results show that the utilization of a floating sponge improves the tubular distiller performance. The peak improvement in the accumulative yield of tubular distillers was achieved in case of utilizing a sponge layer with a 30-mm thickness and 16-kg/m3 density. The reference distiller gives maximum accumulative yield of 3.72 L/m2 day while the floating sponge layer utilization improves the accumulative yield to 5.92 L/m2 day with 59.2% improvement. Also, the utilization of floating sponge layer reduced the cost of distillate yield by 36.3% compared to reference distiller.

Khalid Harby

Papers

Performance improvement of a tubular solar still using V-corrugated absorber with wick materials: Numerical and experimental investigations

Performance improvement of modified tubular solar still by employing vertical and inclined pin fins and external condenser: an experimental study.

Productivity enhancement of hemispherical solar still using Al 2 O 3 -water-based nanofluid and cooling the glass cover

Experimental investigation on the performance improvement of tubular solar still using floating black sponge layer