Cornell hotel and restaurant administration quarterly

Gamification of education is a developing approach for increasing learners’ motivation and engagement by incorporating game design elements in educational environments. With the growing popularity of gamification and yet mixed success of its application in educational contexts, the current review is aiming to shed a more realistic light on the research in this field by focusing on empirical evidence rather than on potentialities, beliefs or preferences. Accordingly, it critically examines the advancement in gamifying education. The discussion is structured around the used gamification mechanisms, the gamified subjects, the type of gamified learning activities, and the study goals, with an emphasis on the reliability and validity of the reported outcomes. To improve our understanding and offer a more realistic picture of the progress of gamification in education, consistent with the presented evidence, we examine both the outcomes reported in the papers and how they have been obtained. While the gamification in education is still a growing phenomenon, the review reveals that (i) insufficient evidence exists to support the long-term benefits of gamification in educational contexts; (ii) the practice of gamifying learning has outpaced researchers’ understanding of its mechanisms and methods; (iii) the knowledge of how to gamify an activity in accordance with the specifics of the educational context is still limited. The review highlights the need for systematically designed studies and rigorously tested approaches confirming the educational benefits of gamification, if gamified learning is to become a recognized instructional approach.

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Gamifying education: what is known, what is believed and what remains uncertain: a critical review

According to various international reports, Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIEd) is one of the currently emerging fields in educational technology. Whilst it has been around for about 30 years, it is still unclear for educators how to make pedagogical advantage of it on a broader scale, and how it can actually impact meaningfully on teaching and learning in higher education. This paper seeks to provide an overview of research on AI applications in higher education through a systematic review. Out of 2656 initially identified publications for the period between 2007 and 2018, 146 articles were included for final synthesis, according to explicit inclusion and exclusion criteria. The descriptive results show that most of the disciplines involved in AIEd papers come from Computer Science and STEM, and that quantitative methods were the most frequently used in empirical studies. The synthesis of results presents four areas of AIEd applications in academic support services, and institutional and administrative services: 1. profiling and prediction, 2. assessment and evaluation, 3. adaptive systems and personalisation, and 4. intelligent tutoring systems. The conclusions reflect on the almost lack of critical reflection of challenges and risks of AIEd, the weak connection to theoretical pedagogical perspectives, and the need for further exploration of ethical and educational approaches in the application of AIEd in higher education.

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Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education – where are the educators?

Attributed to the recent COVID-19 pandemic, panic buying is now a frequent occurrence in many countries, leading to stockouts and supply chain disruptions. Consequently, it has received much attention from academics and the retail industry. The aim of this study is to review, identify, and synthesise the psychological causes of panic buying, which is a relatively new and unexplored area in consumer behaviour research. A systematic review of the related literature is conducted. The review suggests that panic buying is influenced by (1) individuals’ perception of the threat of the health crisis and scarcity of products; (2) fear of the unknown, which is caused by negative emotions and uncertainty; (3) coping behaviour, which views panic buying as a venue to relieve anxiety and regain control over the crisis; and (4) social psychological factors, which account for the influence of the social network of an individual. This study contributes to the literature by consolidating the scarce and scattered research on the causes of panic buying, drawing greater theoretical insights into each cause and also offers some implications for health professionals, policy makers, and retailers on implementing appropriate policies and strategies to manage panic buying. Recommendations for future research are also provided.

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The Psychological Causes of Panic Buying Following a Health Crisis.

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine how the nature of consumers' relationship with a brand influences brand evangelism, which represents an intense form of brand support behavior. Specifically, the study investigates the influence of two consumer-brand relational constructs, brand trust and brand identification, on brand evangelism. Brand evangelism, conceptualized as an amalgam of adoption and advocacy behaviors, is operationalized in terms of three supportive behaviors: purchase intentions, positive referrals, and oppositional brand referrals. Design/methodology/approach – Drawing from prior research on consumer-brand relationships, a framework of brand relationships and brand evangelism is developed. To provide a more robust test of theory, consumers' extraversion, gender, and brand experience are included as control variables. Structural equation modeling is used to test the proposed hypotheses. Findings – The findings reveal that consumer-brand relationships influence brand evangelism, ...

The influence of brand trust and brand identification on brand evangelism

Purpose – The purpose of this research is to investigate how branding theories can be applied to place branding. It aims to examine how internal stakeholders, specifically a city's residents, are fundamental in the brand‐building process.Design/methodology/approach – A conceptual model with a theoretical basis in the branding literature is developed to illuminate the antecedents of self‐brand connection and brand advocacy in the context of city branding. The model is then tested using structural equation analysis on a sample of residents from an American city that has taken a cultural/entertainment approach to its branding efforts.Findings – Findings indicate that brand associations, including attitude toward the branding efforts of the city, perceived quality of the brand and the uniqueness of the brand, are crucial in the branding and positioning efforts of a city to its residents. When strong brand associations exist, residents may develop such a connection to the brand that it becomes reflective of th...

Place branding: creating self‐brand connections and brand advocacy

In the midst of the physical damage and collective stress created by natural disasters, individuals come to terms with their utter lack of control. In the process, a myriad of emotions are experienced, with many of them being negative in nature. Research suggests that during moderately challenging situations individuals experiencing negative emotions may engage in coping attempts to improve their emotional state. Consumption has been one strategy used by individuals to mitigate negative emotions. This research extends previous research by exploring whether such emotion regulation processes occur in extreme conditions such as natural disasters. Specifically, it examines the emotions experienced by individuals, the antecedents of these emotions, as well as how individuals regulate their emotions through consumption. A conceptual model is proposed and tested in Study 1 and findings are once again corroborated in a follow-up study. Implications for mitigating negative emotions and improving subjective well-being during extreme crisis situations are discussed.

The Calm before the Storm: Examining Emotion Regulation Consumption in the Face of an Impending Disaster

While numerous studies have examined the disaster-related challenges of residential populations, little research has documented the effects of disasters on businesses in the tourism industry (Drabek, 2000). As with residential circumstances, effective and efficient preparation, speedy response, and strategic recovery following disasters are crucial for tourism businesses. In this research, Greater New Orleans hotels are examined to assess their resiliency when handling the effects of Hurricane Gustav. Specifically, this research examines (a) the reasons for and effects of business closure, (b) the impact of losing lifeline services (e.g., electricity and telephone service), and (c) the human resource challenges that were caused by the disaster. In a study involving a representative sample of hotels, results indicated that 88% closed to the general public before the hurricane and were closed for an average of four days. Approximately 13% of hotels lost power, 17% lost telephone services, and 42% lost the m...

An assessment of resilience: disaster management and recovery for Greater New Orleans' Hotels.

The city and destination branding literatures stress the importance of brand image, with an emphasis on achieving differential and competitive positioning. However, an important part of building a ...

The impact of marketing on internal stakeholders in destination branding: The case of a musical city

This study investigated how utilizing gamification mechanics and customer engagement principles in college business courses can engage and foster learning among Generation Y students.  Findings in this research suggest that using gamification techniques in the classroom can be an effective tool for enhancing student engagement and learning. Specifically, Generation Y students exposed to gamified instruction performed better on a final assessment tool and reported experiencing higher levels of involvement, participation and positive emotional responses to instruction than those not exposed to gamification techniques.  The positive results of this study support the use of gamification applications in courses and demonstrate its effectiveness. Further implications and future research are also presented.

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Kim H. Williams

Papers

Place branding: creating self‐brand connections and brand advocacy

The Calm before the Storm: Examining Emotion Regulation Consumption in the Face of an Impending Disaster

An assessment of resilience: disaster management and recovery for Greater New Orleans' Hotels.

The impact of marketing on internal stakeholders in destination branding: The case of a musical city

Get Your Head in the Game: Using Gamification in Business Education to Connect with Generation Y