Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of cells that expand during cancer, inflammation and infection, and that have a remarkable ability to suppress T-cell responses. These cells constitute a unique component of the immune system that regulates immune responses in healthy individuals and in the context of various diseases. In this Review, we discuss the origin, mechanisms of expansion and suppressive functions of MDSCs, as well as the potential to target these cells for therapeutic benefit.

/pdf/myeloid-derived-suppressor-cells-as-regulators-of-the-immune-4w2mvge6zg.pdf

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as regulators of the immune system.

Stromal Fibroblasts Present in Invasive Human Breast Carcinomas Promote Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis through Elevated SDF-1/CXCL12 Secretion

https://escholarship.org/content/qt5st231s3/qt5st231s3.pdf?t=omsseb

Primary, Adaptive, and Acquired Resistance to Cancer Immunotherapy.

In both preclinical and clinical settings, the benefits of angiogenesis inhibitors targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor signalling pathways are at best transitory and followed by restoration of tumour growth and progression. Emerging data support a proposition that two modes of unconventional resistance underlie such results.

/pdf/modes-of-resistance-to-anti-angiogenic-therapy-2rh8qk82eh.pdf

Modes of resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy.

Inflammatory conditions in selected organs increase the risk of cancer. An inflammatory component is present also in the microenvironment of tumors that are not epidemiologically related to inflammation. Recent studies have begun to unravel molecular pathways linking inflammation and cancer. In the tumor microenvironment, smoldering inflammation contributes to proliferation and survival of malignant cells, angiogenesis, metastasis, subversion of adaptive immunity, reduced response to hormones and chemotherapeutic agents. Recent data suggest that an additional mechanism involved in cancer-related inflammation (CRI) is induction of genetic instability by inflammatory mediators, leading to accumulation of random genetic alterations in cancer cells. In a seminal contribution, Hanahan and Weinberg [(2000) Cell, 100, 57-70] identified the six hallmarks of cancer. We surmise that CRI represents the seventh hallmark.

/pdf/cancer-related-inflammation-the-seventh-hallmark-of-cancer-nlqsb6p8oy.pdf

Koari Fukuda

Papers

Expansion of myeloid immune suppressor Gr+CD11b+ cells in tumor-bearing host directly promotes tumor angiogenesis