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Qualitative research for education: An introduction to theories and methods

https://ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk/bitstream/10397/527/1/20%20year%20on%20and%2010%20years%20after%20the%20Internet.pdf

Progress in information technology and tourism management: 20 years on and 10 years after the Internet - the state of eTourism research.

Cornell hotel and restaurant administration quarterly

The Critical Incident Technique (CIT) has been used in a variety of service contexts in recent years to explore ser- vice research issues and has been instrumental in advanc- ing our understanding of these issues. Despite the popularity of this methodology, no published research syn- thesis systematically examines this research. The primary purpose of this study is to review the use of the CIT method in service research to (a) help current and future research- ers employing the CIT method to examine their method- ological decisions closely and (b) suggest guidelines for the proper application and reporting of the procedures in- volved when using this method. The study provides an overview of the CIT method, reports the results of a re- search synthesis conducted of 141 CIT studies appearing in service marketing and management publications, dis- cusses implications for service research, and suggests guidelines for researchers employing this method.

/pdf/the-critical-incident-technique-in-service-research-1rnuqd00cu.pdf

The Critical Incident Technique in Service Research

Goal and objectives of the dissertationGoalThe goal of this study was to develop a valid and reliable instrument that would offer tourism managers and planners a useful tool in understanding and planning for memorable tourism experiences (MTE).ObjectivesSpecifically, this study sought to answer the following research questions:1. Does the MTE scale developed in this study yield an appropriate level of reliability and validity?2. Are there relationships among the constructs in the proposed model?3. How well does the construct model fit the data when tested using the analysis technique of structural equation model?MethodologyParticipants and ProceduresAn empirical evaluation of the developed instrument was undertaken using data obtained from U.S. college students at a large Midwestern university. The students were enrolled in 12 classes spread across different academic majors. The participants were first asked to recall their MTE and to evaluate all 85 items on a seven-point Likert-type scale, on which 1 represented I have not experienced at all and 7 represented I have experienced very much. A total of 730 survey questionnaires were handed out and 536 copies were returned, representing an overall response rate of 73.4%.Development and validation of research instrumentIn refining the scale, both exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) as well as reliability tests were conducted. After the number of factors was identified and the problematic items were removed based on the results of exploratory factor analysis, a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using the covariance matrmatrix examine whether the scale items were structurally consistent with the embedded theory or with any a priori logic of scale design. Before the CFA, the sample was randomly split into two 250-case subsamples using SPSS routine for random case selection. One sample was used for calibration and the other for validation.Structural Equation ModelingAfter the convergent and discriminant validity are identified, a further examination of the causal relationships between the derived constructs and other constructs or variables of interest was performed to see if the derived constructs behave in the way stipulated by the underlying tenets guiding the MTE scale development. The resulting data further provides critical indication of construct validity. Researchers regarded this test as a process to assess nomological validity of construct (Anderson & Gerbing, 1988; Campbell, 1960; Chen & Hsu, 2001).ResultsPurification of Measurement ScaleIn assessing the quality of an item, the itemto- total correlations were examined. This is a commonly accepted procedure in developing a scale (Choi & Sirakaya, 2005). In order to purify the scale, items that were poorly correlated (r Exploratory Factor AnalysisEFA was followed by a rotation with both orthogonal (VARIMAX) and oblique (OBLIMIN) methods. Results from two different methods showed similar structures with the same value of explained variances. The results obtained from principal components analysis with an oblique rotation method was used for the data analysis in order to permit the obtained components to correlate and, therefore, followed the assumption that MTE components are related yet distinct from each other (Lee & Comrey 1979). In deciding to retain an item, both factor loading (r > 0.4) and the communality (r>0.5) of each item were examined. Employing a combination of Cattell (1966) scree test and theoretical basis of the scale (i.e., eigenvalues greater than 1), the EFA of the MTE scale extracted seven factors accounting for 74. …

/pdf/development-of-a-scale-to-measure-memorable-tourism-3aywirq20c.pdf

Development of a scale to measure memorable tourism experiences.

https://web.ntnu.edu.tw/~gordonwang/Critical%20service%20features.pdf

Critical service features in group package tour: An exploratory research

https://web.ntnu.edu.tw/~gordonwang/Who%20is%20the%20decision%20maker.pdf

Who is the decision-maker: the parents or the child in group package tours?

https://web.ntnu.edu.tw/~gordonwang/Is%20the%20tour%20leader%20an%20effective%20endorser%20for%20group%20package%20tour%20brochures.pdf

Kuo Ching Wang

Papers

Critical service features in group package tour: An exploratory research

Who is the decision-maker: the parents or the child in group package tours?

Is the tour leader an effective endorser for group package tour brochures

GPTCCC: An instrument for measuring group package tour service

Tourism and reconciliation between Mainland China and Taiwan