Heat treatment effect on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of 316L stainless steel fabricated by selective laser melting for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

The fate and role of in situ formed carbon in polymer-derived ceramics

In this article, influence of anodization parameters on the formation of tubes, tube dimensions, formation mechanism, properties of TiO2 nanotubes (TNT), and their applications in biomedical field are reviewed. The fabrication of TNT of a different shape such as pore size, length, and wall thickness by varying anodization parameters including electrolytes, pH, voltage, electrolyte bath temperature, and current density is examined and discussed. The crystallographic nature of the nanotube obtained by various methods has also been discussed. Finally, the article concludes by examining the key properties including the corrosion aspect and various applications in biomedical field in depth.

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A Review on TiO2 Nanotubes: Influence of Anodization Parameters, Formation Mechanism, Properties, Corrosion Behavior, and Biomedical Applications

Nitrate enrichment, which is mainly caused by the over-utilization of fertilisers and industrial sewage discharge, is a major global engineering challenge because of its negative influence on the environment and human health. To solve this serious problem, many technologies, such as the activated sludge method, reverse osmosis, ion exchange, adsorption, and electrodialysis, have been developed to reduce the nitrate levels in water bodies. However, the applications of these traditional techniques are limited by several drawbacks, such as a long sludge retention time, slow kinetics, and undesirable by-products. From an environmental perspective, the most promising nitrate reduction technology is enabled to convert nitrate into benign N2, and features low cost, high efficiency, and environmental friendliness. Recently, electrocatalytic nitrate reduction has been proven by satisfactory research achievements to be one of the most promising methods among these technologies. This review provides a comprehensive account of nitrate reduction using electrocatalysis methods. The fundamentals of electrocatalytic nitrate reduction, including the reaction mechanisms, reactor design principles, product detection methods, and performance evaluation methods, have been systematically summarised. A detailed introduction to electrocatalytic nitrate reduction on transition metals, especially noble metals and alloys, Cu-based electrocatalysts, and Fe-based electrocatalysts is provided, as they are essential for the accurate reporting of experimental results. The current challenges and potential opportunities in this field, including the innovation of material design systems, value-added product yields, and challenges for products beyond N2 and large-scale sewage treatment, are highlighted.

Electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate - a step towards a sustainable nitrogen cycle.

Titanium (Ti) plays a predominant role as the material of choice in orthopaedic and dental implants. Despite the majority of Ti implants having long-term success, premature failure due to unsuccessful osseointegration leading to aseptic loosening is still too common. Recently, surface topography modification and biological/non-biological coatings have been integrated into orthopaedic/dental implants in order to mimic the surrounding biological environment as well as reduce the inflammation/infection that may occur. In this review, we summarize the impact of various Ti coatings on cell behaviour both in vivo and in vitro. First, we focus on the Ti surface properties and their effects on osteogenesis and then on bacterial adhesion and viability. We conclude from the current literature that surface modification of Ti implants can be generated that offer both osteoinductive and antimicrobial properties.

/pdf/impact-of-surface-topography-and-coating-on-osteogenesis-and-5edwyuz20k.pdf

Impact of surface topography and coating on osteogenesis and bacterial attachment on titanium implants.

Corrosion characteristics and fuel cell performance of a cost‐effective high Mn–Low Ni austenitic stainless steel as an alternative to SS 316L bipolar plate


 The present work focuses on electrochemical estimation of the herbicide, paraquat using Au nanoparticle incorporated multi-walled carbon nanotube (AuNP-MWCNT). The catalyst was synthesised and characterised using physical characterization techniques like HRSEM, HRTEM, Raman spectroscopy, and XRD. The techniques reveal the successful incorporation of Au nanoparticles onto MWCNT and it was utilized for the electrochemical determination of paraquat (PQ). The AuNP-MWCNT modified glassy carbon electrode (AuNP-MWCNT/GCE) was able to detect PQ reversibly using cyclic voltammetric analysis. From the electrochemical tests, it was discovered that the electrode is an efficient catalyst for the effective electrochemical sensing of PQ. Using cathodic stripping square wave voltammetric technique (CSSWV), the sensitivity and limit of detection of the matrix against PQ was evaluated. They were found to be 0.197 mA/µM and 32 nM, respectively in the concentration range of 1.0 µM to 2.0 µM with the regression coefficient value of 0.99. Further, selectivity studies clearly demonstrated that the proposed catalyst was interference-free from other possible foreign molecules. The practical applicability of the electrode was checked in the electrolyte containing real samples and the appreciable recovery was achieved.

Electrochemical Determination of Paraquat Using Gold Nanoparticle Incorporated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

A novel route of synthesizing (Sn 71 Co 29 ) 50 C 50 wt% powders by melt spinning SnCo alloy followed by high energy ball milling with natural graphite is explored for the first time. The specific capacity of the composite prepared using melt spun alloy and conventionally melt alloy routes are evaluated by charge-discharge cycling CR2032 type coin cells. In the conventionally made alloy, higher amount of unalloyed Sn is present which reduces the capacity of the cell. Melt spinning reduces the amount of unalloyed Sn and also increases the Sn 2 Co phase which enhances the capacity. Ball milling for 10 h reduces the crystallite size to nano scale. Electrochemical measurements confirm, higher capacity of the cells made by combination of melt spinning and ball milling over the conventionally made alloy or graphite system and this route is much faster and commercially viable.

Enhanced capacity of SnCoC anode by melt spinning and ball milling for Li-ion battery

http://jes.ecsdl.org/content/163/7/D336.full.pdf

Lakshman Neelakantan

Papers

Corrosion characteristics and fuel cell performance of a cost‐effective high Mn–Low Ni austenitic stainless steel as an alternative to SS 316L bipolar plate

Electrochemical Determination of Paraquat Using Gold Nanoparticle Incorporated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

Enhanced capacity of SnCoC anode by melt spinning and ball milling for Li-ion battery

Role of Crystallographic Texture and Crystallinity on the Electrochemical Behavior of Nanocrystalline Sr Doped Calcium Phosphate Coatings

Exploring in situ integration of pongamia oil to improve barrier properties of polyurethane coatings