Vesicular diseases are of high importance for livestock, primarily because of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), which is a high-morbidity disease that generates direct losses caused by low milk production, weight loss, and indirect losses because of the need for sanitary barriers. Other vesicular diseases are also of importance for livestock because of direct impacts or because their clinical signs may be confused with those of FMD. We report herein the detection of multiple infections in cattle with suspected vesicular disease in the Brazilian states of Amazonas (AM), Mato Grosso (MT), and Roraima. Thirty-seven epithelial samples from cattle and 1 sample from a buffalo were sent to the laboratory for testing for FMDV and similar disease agents. All samples from MT were positive for parapoxvirus (Pseudocowpox virus and Bovine papular stomatitis virus). In addition, 3 samples were positive for Bluetongue virus, and 5 samples were positive for Bovine herpesvirus 1. Among these samples, 1 was positive for all of...

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1040638716645836

Detection of multiple viral infections in cattle and buffalo with suspected vesicular disease in Brazil

Development and validation of rt-qpcr for vesicular stomatitis virus detection (Alagoas vesiculovirus)

Inflammatory diseases of reproductive tract in bitches are a common problem in veterinary practice. The inflammation can lead to serious health problems. Research to determine the correlation between the health status of females, phase of the cycle, age and bacterial flora of the genital tract has been ongoing for years, but the results obtained by individual authors are often contradictory. A total of 39 dogs were included in this study. Ten were qualified to the 1st group with genital tract infections (8 in anestrus and 2 in proestrus) and 29 to the 2nd group without such infections (16 in anestrus, 9 in proestrus and 4 in diestrus). The most common bacterial isolates obtained from the vaginal tract of all dogs were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Streptococcus canis. The prevalence of Gram-negative rods (other than E. coli) was significantly higher in the group with genital tract infections versus healthy dogs. There was no presence of Chlamydiaceae, Chlamydia abortus and lactic acid-producing bacteria in tested swabs. Our study identified the most common bacteria in the genital tract of bitches. The total number of bacteria was almost the same in the healthy and infected dogs, as well as between the cycle stages. In our opinion, bacterial culturing of vaginal swab specimens from bitches without signs of genital disease is of little value. Furthermore, it should always be preceded by clinical examination and cytological examination of the vaginal epithelium.

/pdf/the-vaginal-microflora-changes-in-various-stages-of-the-3keydft3ip.pdf

The vaginal microflora changes in various stages of the estrous cycle of healthy female dogs and the ones with genital tract infections.

Mycoplasma detection in a historical arbovirus repository: Commercial kit comparison and implications for improved repository management.

La prostaglandina D2 es el principal metabolito del acido araquidonico, producido por los mastocitos activados durante una reaccion alergica. Dicho metabolito ejerce su respuesta biologica mediante la interaccion con 2 tipos de receptores transmembrana: PTGDR y CRTH2. Desde hace mas de un siglo se conoce que la alergia respiratoria tiene un importante componente genetico. Entre los factores geneticos asociados a la enfermedad destaca el gen del Receptor de la Prostaglandina D2 (PTGDR), en el que se han caracterizado variantes polimorficas en la region promotora significativamente asociadas a la respuesta inflamatoria que subyace en la alergia, y a la existencia de distintas caracteristicas fenotipicas en los pacientes asmaticos. Ademas, los resultados obtenidos en modelos animales han demostrado su papel crucial en la respuesta inflamatoria de vias aereas mediada por alergenos. La administracion de glucocorticoides constituye la base del tratamiento del asma. Ejercen su efecto a traves de unos sitios especificos GRE (Elementos de Respuesta a Glucocorticoides) localizados en la region promotora de genes implicados en el proceso inflamatorio, mediante la activacion o represion de la expresion de los genes efectores que acabaria influyendo en el desencadenamiento de la respuesta alergica. 
El objetivo de este trabajo es el estudio del efecto de los glucocorticoides como posibles moduladores de la expresion de PTGDR y, por lo tanto, de la respuesta alergica, en relacion con la presencia de diferentes variantes haplotipicas en la region promotora de este gen. El abordaje experimental engloba tres aproximaciones metodologicas: un modelo celular, un modelo murido, y un analisis in silico de la region promotora de PTGDR. 
Los resultados obtenidos en el modelo celular evidencian que la presencia de distintos polimorfismos en el promotor de PTGDR modifica su actividad promotora y sus niveles de expresion basales, asi como la capacidad de respuesta al tratamiento con dexametasona. Ademas, modifican el patron de union de factores de transcripcion en esta region y provocan cambios en el patron de expresion de citocinas en un cultivo celular A549. Por otro lado, a traves de un modelo de asma cronica en raton, se ha comprobado la implicacion del gen PTGDR en el desarrollo del asma alergico, y en la respuesta al tratamiento corticoideo.

Efecto de la dexametasona sobre el mecanismo inflamatorio que subyace en el asma

http://www.scielo.br/pdf/bjm/v38n3/v38n3a22.pdf

Rapid diagnosis of vesicular stomatitis virus in Ecuador by the use of polymerase chain reaction

https://www.scielo.br/pdf/bjm/v45n4/48.pdf

Experimental infection of BHK21 and Vero cell lines with different Mycoplasma spp

The aim of this work was to study the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) as a tool of quality control of bovine sera and cellular cultures used in the biotechnological industry. A total of 46 samples of bovine sera derived from two slaughterhouses and 33 samples of BHK21 cells derived from two biotechnological industries were evaluated using the primers GPO-3 (sense) and MGSO (antisense). The PCR technique sensibility analysis showed that 280 bp were amplified for the quantities of 50 ng to 0.006 ng of Micoplasma DNA. The primers specificity was confirmed in the test using Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans; except by the positive control, none of the samples showed amplification. The presence of Mycoplasma in bovine sera and in the cultures of BHK21 cells showed that 56.5 and 15.2%, respectively, were contaminated. Thus, it was possible to conclude that PCR was a fast and confident technique to detect mycoplasma and that it could be used to control the quality of immunobiological products and inputs, such as sera and cultures of BHK21 cells.

/pdf/quality-control-of-biotechnological-inputs-2c033oupmf.pdf

Lya Madureira Sepulveda

Papers

Rapid diagnosis of vesicular stomatitis virus in Ecuador by the use of polymerase chain reaction

Experimental infection of BHK21 and Vero cell lines with different Mycoplasma spp

Quality Control of Biotechnological Inputs DetectingMycoplasma