The Personal Interview

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Research methods in the social sciences

This article discusses empirical findings and conceptual elaborations of the last 10 years in strategic niche management research (SNM). The SNM approach suggests that sustainable innovation journeys can be facilitated by creating technological niches, i.e. protected spaces that allow the experimentation with the co-evolution of technology, user practices, and regulatory structures. The assumption was that if such niches were constructed appropriately, they would act as building blocks for broader societal changes towards sustainable development. The article shows how concepts and ideas have evolved over time and new complexities were introduced. Research focused on the role of various niche-internal processes such as learning, networking, visioning and the relationship between local projects and global rule sets that guide actor behaviour. The empirical findings showed that the analysis of these niche-internal dimensions needed to be complemented with attention to niche external processes. In this respect, the multi-level perspective proved useful for contextualising SNM. This contextualisation led to modifications in claims about the dynamics of sustainable innovation journeys. Niches are to be perceived as crucial for bringing about regime shifts, but they cannot do this on their own. Linkages with ongoing external processes are also important. Although substantial insights have been gained, the SNM approach is still an unfinished research programme. We identify various promising research directions, as well as policy implications.

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Strategic niche management and sustainable innovation journeys: Theory, findings, research agenda and policy

http://www1.caminos.upm.es/music1/files/04_seminarios/1_Sem/05/descargas/5_Transport_Exclusion_Karen%20Lucas.pdf

Transport and social exclusion: Where are we now?

https://escholarship.org/content/qt60v8r346/qt60v8r346.pdf?t=pga4ex

Just a better taxi? A survey-based comparison of taxis, transit, and ridesourcing services in San Francisco

A survey of Demand Responsive Transport in Great Britain

https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/505110.pdf

Investigating the contribution of Demand Responsive Transport to a sustainable local public transport system

In 2002, the Department for Transport (DfT) and the Greater Manchester Passenger Transport Executive (GMPTE) commissioned the Open University (in collaboration with the University of West of England and Loughborough University) to determine the market potential for demand responsive transit (DRT) systems in the UK. The project set out to examine examples of 'good practice' DRT systems already in operation and identify any regulatory or institutional barriers hampering the development of DRT schemes. In essence, the purpose of this study was to look at the potential for DRT as an alternative public transport system in terms of market or demand niches, and from the viewpoint of the public authority and the commercial operator. It aims to determine how DRT might be developed to serve journeys that are not currently well served by public transport and explores why DRT has so far failed to make much impact, and how government and other public authorities might rectify this.

INTERMODE: innovations in Demand Responsive Transport

In principle, Demand Responsive Transport services, or paratransit in US nomenclature, offer public transport providers a more flexible and potentially more cost effective delivery option than conventional bus services, particularly in situations of low demand. However in practice, there are many examples of promising DRT schemes that have failed, for a number of reasons. One recurring feature appears to be that the DRT operation introduced is not appropriate for the market served. This is due to a lack of knowledge as to what markets may be susceptible to DRT. This paper aims to help address this research gap by drawing on the findings of two qualitative research data collection efforts, exploratory in-depth interviews and focus groups, each including industry experts. Using a marketing framework, developments at the micro, meso and macro levels are explored to determine the circumstances necessary for developing ‘successful’ DRT market niches. Implications for managerial practice include integration of services to improve market penetration and in responding to market development opportunities aimed at the general public. Technology plays the greatest role in responding to market niche demand, primarily in enabling flexible booking and providing real time information, supporting market development, product development and diversification opportunities.

Identifying potential market niches for Demand Responsive Transport

Contents: Preface Transport issues and their solutions The development of the travel plan Segment: examining the influence of activities on trips and travel plans Scale: all travel plans great and small Structure: re-orienting travel plans to increase effectiveness and level of take up Supporting travel plans: what role for public authorities and the wider travel plan industry? Recommendations for practice and policy and implications for the future Index.

Marcus P. Enoch

Papers

A survey of Demand Responsive Transport in Great Britain

Investigating the contribution of Demand Responsive Transport to a sustainable local public transport system

INTERMODE: innovations in Demand Responsive Transport

Identifying potential market niches for Demand Responsive Transport

Sustainable Transport, Mobility Management and Travel Plans