Статья посвящена вопросам влияния власти на поведение человека. Авторы рассматривают данные различных источников, в которых увеличение власти связывается с напористостью, а ее уменьшение - с подавленностью. Конкретно, власть ассоциируется с: а) позитивным аффектом; б) вниманием к вознаграждению и к свойствам других, удовлетворяющим личные цели; в) автоматической переработкой информации и резкими суждениями; г) расторможенным социальным поведением. Уменьшение власти, напротив, ассоциируется с: а) негативным аффектом; б) вниманием к угрозам и наказаниям, к интересам других и к тем характеристикам я, которые отвечают целям других; в) контролируемой переработкой информации и совещательным типом рассуждений; г) подавленным социальным поведением. Обсуждаются также последствия этих паттернов поведения, связанных с властью, и потенциальные модераторы.

Power, approach, and inhibition. Власть, напористость и подавленность

ROSE-ACKERMAN Susan, PALIFKA Bonnie J. Corruption and government : causes, consequences, and reform Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2016, XXIII-618 p. ISBN 978-1-107-44109-5 MOND 723 Resume editeur : The second edition of Corruption and Government updates Susan Rose-Ackerman's 1999 book to address emerging issues and to rethink old questions in light of new data. The book analyzes the research explosion that accompanied the fall of the Berlin Wall, the founding of Transparency Intern...

Corruption and government : causes, consequences, and reform

We experimentally investigate the extent to which social observability and the possibility of social judgment affect the decision to engage in theft, bribery and embezzlement conditional on individuals' cultural background. We involve a student sample characterized by cultural heterogeneity due to immigration of their ancestors to the US. We show that people with different cultural heritages respond differently to increased social observability of their actions. In particular, we find that the possibility of social judgment reduces rule breaking of individuals who identify culturally with high rule of law countries but not those who identify with low rule of law countries.

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Corruption, Social Judgment and Culture: An Experiment

The effect of lean culture on the reduction of academic corruption by the mediating role of positive organizational politics in higher education

Building information modeling (BIM) application in construction projects is considered beneficial for effective decision making throughout the project lifecycle, as it maximizes benefits without compromising practicality. The Malaysian construction industry is also keen on the adoption of BIM culture. However, various identified and unidentified barriers are hindering its practical implementation. In light of this, this study identified and analyzed critical obstacles to using BIM in Malaysian small construction projects. Through the use of semi-structured interviews and a pilot study using the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) method, the critical BIM barriers (CBBs) have been identified. Based on the findings of the EFA, CBBs were classified into five categories, i.e., technical adoption barrier, behavioral barrier, implementation barrier, management barrier, and digital education barrier. Following the questionnaire survey, feedback of 235 professionals was collected with vested interests in the Malaysian construction business, and the CBBs model was created using analysis of moment structures (AMOS). The findings revealed that although Malaysian experts with little experience in practice were fairly educated about BIM, technical adoption barriers, behavioral barriers, management barriers, and implementation hurdles were critical for adopting BIM. The study’s findings will help policymakers eliminate CBBs and use BIM in Malaysia’s modest construction projects to save costs, save time, boost productivity, and improve quality and sustainability.

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Barriers to Building Information Modeling (BIM) Deployment in Small Construction Projects: Malaysian Construction Industry

Corruption is widespread in current societies; despite its social relevance, it has been studied mostly from economic perspectives. The article reviews and critically analyzes corruption from different social psychology approaches, both in the Anglophone and Latin American settings. Regarding the former, the article highlights the influence of peer behaviors and social norms, risk perceptions, the role of emotions, behavioral ethics and the relationship of corruption to power Regarding the latter, the Latin American models focus on the influence of supra-individual structures such as ethical values and institutions on the individual’s conduct. It is proposed that research on this topic look systematically at the main psychosocial factors to formulate specific theoretical frameworks that explain this social phenomenon How to cite:  Julian, M. & Bonavia, T. (2017). Psychosocial Approaches to Corruption: A Theoretical Review. Revista Colombiana de Psicologia, 26(2), 231-243. doi: 10.15446/rcp.v26n2.59353

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Aproximaciones Psicosociales a la Corrupción: Una Revisión Teórica

Nowadays, corruption is one of the most important psychological, social, economic and political issues worldwide. The present paper aims to analyse psychological variables related to corruption through a systematic review of publications from 2008 to 2018. After carrying out a bibliographic search in scientific databases such as Psycinfo, Web of Science and Dialnet, 41 papers were found to match selection criteria. Core topics haven been organizational ethics, cultural beliefs and values, perceived norms and moral, and personality and related variables. Overall, results have shown that organizational variables such as leaders’ behaviour and justification strategies are linked to corruption. Meritocratic and materialist values have also been linked to corrupt behaviour, just like perceiving a corrupt environment and social norms. In regard to personality, features such as narcissism and psychopathy are deeply connected with this phenomenon. On the other side, perception of power and gender have a mixed empirical support.

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Psychological variables related to corruption: a systematic review

Unethical behaviors such as corruption pose an important challenge for students, professors, and other university members. We aimed to clarify students’ willingness to engage in corruption in a Spa...

Understanding unethical behaviors at the university level: a multiple regression analysis

Corruption in higher education has raised concern among governments, citizens, and the education community worldwide. However, few papers have sought to explore the students’ willingness to engage in corrupt practices at the university level. The present study aimed to examine the influence of different corrupt behaviours and perceived corruption among peers on the corrupt intention of university students. 120 undergraduate students participated in a quasi-experimental design divided in 3 treatments (control, low-corruption acceptance, high-corruption acceptance) to rate their willingness to engage in favouritism and embezzlement behaviours. Results pointed out that students were more prone to committing a non-monetary behaviour favouritism– than a monetary behaviour –embezzlement–. Furthermore, there were not significant differences between the groups of control and high-corruption acceptance; while only the group of low-corruption acceptance showed significant lower rates when compared to the control and the high-corruption acceptance’s group. Practical recommendations need to address students’ perceptions of different corrupt practices, focusing on designing ethical training programmes aimed to raise awareness on the negative consequences of non-monetary activities. Future research directions could generate empirical support to prove if students are able to recognize the underlying mechanisms of subtle corrupt practices.

Determinants of Students’ Willingness to Engage in Corruption in an Academic Setting: an Empirical Study

Most research on corruption in educational settings has focused on a cross-national and macro-level analysis; however, to our knowledge, few papers have sought to explore individual perceptions that explain corruption in higher education. The present research aimed to disentangle students’ predictors of corrupt intention in a Spanish public university. A total of 933 undergraduate, postgraduate, and Ph.D. students filled out an online survey measuring four corruption scenarios: favoritism, bribery, fraud, and embezzlement. Path analysis (PA) revealed that justifiability, risk perception, and perceived prevalence of corruption were significant factors in predicting corrupt intention. Moreover, willingness to report a corrupt act was predicted by corrupt intention, justifiability, and risk perception. Corrupt behavior is a complex phenomenon explained not only by peers’ behavior, but also by their individual justifications and perception of risk. Education is not free of corruption, and universities must address this urgent problem in order to avoid future economic, societal, and ethical problems.

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Martín Julián

Papers

Aproximaciones Psicosociales a la Corrupción: Una Revisión Teórica

Psychological variables related to corruption: a systematic review

Understanding unethical behaviors at the university level: a multiple regression analysis

Determinants of Students’ Willingness to Engage in Corruption in an Academic Setting: an Empirical Study

Students’ Perceptions of University Corruption in a Spanish Public University: A Path Analysis