Matteo Murenu

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the effectiveness of marine protected areas (MPAs) and found that 3 of 15 Italian marine reserves investigated had adequate enforcement, and that patterns of recovery of target fish were related to enforcement.

TL;DR: In this article, an ecological niche modelling (ENMAM) approach was developed to model the suitable habitat for European hake in the Mediterranean Sea, and the results showed that hake nurseries require stable bottom temperature (11.8-15.0oC), low bottom currents ( 0.034 m.s-1) and a frequent occurrence of productive fronts in low chlorophyll-a areas (0.1-0.m-3) to support a successful recruitment.

TL;DR: Although both species undergo high fishing pressure, results did not demonstrate any decreasing trends in their abundance indices suggesting the existence of a good stock-recruitment relationship over the studied period, however, the dominance of young fish that has been found, makes the stocks highly vulnerable to recruitment changes; hence protection of spawning and nursery areas seems to be essential for their conservation.

TL;DR: In this paper, a three-level food chain is viewed as a three level food chain in which the two upper levels or functional groups are targeted by fishing fleets, while the lowest level is subject to environmental variation.