Merideth A. Addicott

TL;DR: The results suggest a limited ability of the cerebrovascular adenosine system to compensate for high amounts of daily caffeine use, which is similar to that suggested in Hum Brain Mapp 2009.

TL;DR: The explore/exploit trade-off has been studied extensively in behavioral ecology and computational neuroscience, but is relatively new to the field of psychiatry as discussed by the authors, which can offer psychiatry research a new approach to studying motivation, outcome valuation, and effort-related processes which are disrupted in many mental and emotional disorders.

TL;DR: Differences in insula-based functional connectivity between smokers who did not relapse during a quit attempt vs those who relapsed are investigated, suggesting that relapse vulnerability is associated with weaker connectivity between the posterior insula and primary sensorimotor cortices.

TL;DR: Improvements in mood and reaction time may best be explained as relief from withdrawal symptoms, but other performance measures showed no evidence of withdrawal and were equally sensitive to an acute dose of caffeine in the normal caffeinated state.

TL;DR: The results of this preliminary study suggest that smoking withdrawal results in greater recruitment of insular, frontal, and parietal cortical areas during probabilistic decision making.