The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex "Frontal Lobe" tasks: a latent variable analysis.

Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain—3-Dimensional Proportional System: An Approach to Cerebral Imaging, J. Talairach, P. Tournoux. Georg Thieme Verlag, New York (1988), 122 pp., 130 figs. DM 268

I have developed "tennis elbow" from lugging this book around the past four weeks, but it is worth the pain, the effort, and the aspirin. It is also worth the (relatively speaking) bargain price. Including appendixes, this book contains 894 pages of text. The entire panorama of the neural sciences is surveyed and examined, and it is comprehensive in its scope, from genomes to social behaviors. The editors explicitly state that the book is designed as "an introductory text for students of biology, behavior, and medicine," but it is hard to imagine any audience, interested in any fragment of neuroscience at any level of sophistication, that would not enjoy this book. The editors have done a masterful job of weaving together the biologic, the behavioral, and the clinical sciences into a single tapestry in which everyone from the molecular biologist to the practicing psychiatrist can find and appreciate his or

Principles of Neural Science

: The concept of attention as central to human performance extends back to the start of experimental psychology, yet even a few years ago, it would not have been possible to outline in even a preliminary form a functional anatomy of the human attentional system. New developments in neuroscience have opened the study of higher cognition to physiological analysis, and have revealed a system of anatomical areas that appear to be basic to the selection of information for focal (conscious) processing. The importance of attention is its unique role in connecting the mental level of description of processes used in cognitive science with the anatomical level common in neuroscience. Sperry describes the central role that mental concepts play in understanding brain function. As is the case for sensory and motor systems of the brain, our knowledge of the anatomy of attention is incomplete. Nevertheless, we can now begin to identify some principles of organization that allow attention to function as a unified system for the control of mental processing. Although many of our points are still speculative and controversial, we believe they constitute a basis for more detailed studies of attention from a cognitive-neuroscience viewpoint. Perhaps even more important for furthering future studies, multiple methods of mental chronometry, brain lesions, electrophysiology, and several types of neuro-imaging have converged on common findings.

/pdf/the-attention-system-of-the-human-brain-w797wllpat.pdf

The Attention System of the Human Brain

The emerging field of emotion regulation studies how individuals influence which emotions they have, when they have them, and how they experience and express them. This review takes an evolutionary perspective and characterizes emotion in terms of response tendencies. Emotion regulation is denned and distinguished from coping, mood regulation, defense, and affect regulation. In the increasingly specialized discipline of psychology, the field of emotion regulation cuts across traditional boundaries and provides common ground. According to a process model of emotion regulation, emotion may be regulated at five points in the emotion generative process: (a) selection of the situation, (b) modification of the situation, (c) deployment of attention, (d) change of cognitions, and (e) modulation of responses. The field of emotion regulation promises new insights into age-old questions about how people manage their emotions.

http://www.elaborer.org/cours/A13/lectures/Gross1998.pdf

The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review.

INTRODUCTION IN earlier reports we have outlined some of the functional effects produced in man by surgical disconnexion of the cerebral hemispheres as effected by a complete transection of the corpus callosum and the anterior and hippocampal commissures, with separation of the massa intermedia (Gazzaniga et ah, Yidl, 1963). The observations were based on a case operated by Drs. Philip Vogel and Joseph Bogen at the White Memorial Medical Center in Los Angeles (Bogen and Vogel, 1962). The present paper in the main is an account of some of the further findings obtained to date in the same person in tests directed principally at visual functions and also reports confirmatory findings on a second case similarly operated. The tests were aimed at determining the extent and kinds of interaction, if any, between the perceptual and mnemonic activities of the separated hemispheres, at detecting differences in performance capacity of the right and left visual half systems and at revealing the degree of lateralization in motor responses to right and left visual field stimuli. Tests concerned more specifically with language and with motor control will be reported separately.

/pdf/observations-on-visual-perception-after-disconnexion-of-the-3lotfy808h.pdf

Observations on visual perception after disconnexion of the cerebral hemispheres in man.

Accurate performance of reaching movements depends on adaptable neural circuitry that learns to predict forces and compensate for limb dynamics. In earlier experiments, we quantified generalization...

/pdf/learned-dynamics-of-reaching-movements-generalize-from-3z8qy00ys5.pdf

Learned dynamics of reaching movements generalize from dominant to nondominant arm

The Ethical Brain

It has been possible in studies of callosum-sectioned cats and monkeys in recent years to obtain consistent demonstration of a variety of interhemispheric integrational functions mediated by the corpus callosum.(1,2) These animal findings stand in marked contrast to the apparent lack of corresponding functional deficits produced by similar surgery in human patients.(3-9) The general picture of callosal functions based on the animal studies tends to be supported in current early testing of a 48-year-old male war veteran with recent complete section of the corpus callosum, anterior and hippocampal commissures.

https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/48/10/1765.full.pdf

Some functional effects of sectioning the cerebral commissures in man.

representation and a role mapping that representation into a less abstract representation of what we actually say, as represented in (26): (26) bu sh + plural ca p + plural ca b + plural abstract

Michael S. Gazzaniga

Papers

Observations on visual perception after disconnexion of the cerebral hemispheres in man.

Learned dynamics of reaching movements generalize from dominant to nondominant arm

The Ethical Brain

Some functional effects of sectioning the cerebral commissures in man.

Handbook of cognitive neuroscience