Nanocrystals are fundamental to modern science and technology. Mastery over the shape of a nanocrystal enables control of its properties and enhancement of its usefulness for a given application. Our aim is to present a comprehensive review of current research activities that center on the shape-controlled synthesis of metal nanocrystals. We begin with a brief introduction to nucleation and growth within the context of metal nanocrystal synthesis, followed by a discussion of the possible shapes that a metal nanocrystal might take under different conditions. We then focus on a variety of experimental parameters that have been explored to manipulate the nucleation and growth of metal nanocrystals in solution-phase syntheses in an effort to generate specific shapes. We then elaborate on these approaches by selecting examples in which there is already reasonable understanding for the observed shape control or at least the protocols have proven to be reproducible and controllable. Finally, we highlight a number of applications that have been enabled and/or enhanced by the shape-controlled synthesis of metal nanocrystals. We conclude this article with personal perspectives on the directions toward which future research in this field might take.

Shape‐Controlled Synthesis of Metal Nanocrystals: Simple Chemistry Meets Complex Physics?

Strong Closed-Shell Interactions in Inorganic Chemistry.

Advances in copper complexes as anticancer agents.

Polymeric materials with antimicrobial activity

The challenge of cyclic and acyclic schiff bases and related derivatives

The organometallic chemistry of platinum covers a huge field, as shown by a recent survey covering the crys- tallographic and structural data of almost one thousand organometallic derivatives. About nine percent of those deriva- tives exist as isomers and are summarized in this review and include distortion (90 %), cis - trans (6%) and ligand isomer- ism (4%). These are discussed in terms of the coordination about the platinum atom, and correlations are drawn between donor atom, bond length and interbond angles, with attention to any trans - effect. Distortion isomers, differing only by degree of distortion in Pt-L bond lengths and L- Pt -L bond angles, are the most nu- merous. They are also spread over a wider range of oxidation states of platinum, (zero, +1, +2, +4, mixed valence +1 plus +2 and +2 plus +4), compared to cis-trans and ligand isomerism in which only +2 is found.

Stereochemistry of Platinum Organometallics

This paper covers nineteen Pt(II) complexes of the composition Pt(η3-X1X2X3)(PR3), (X = N1, N2, N3; S1, S2, S3; or Te1, Te2, Te3). These complexes crystallized in three crystal classes: triclinic (eleven examples), monoclinic (six examples), and orthorhombic (two examples). Each tridentate ligand creates two metallocyclic rings with common N2, S2, or Te2 donor ligands of the types N1C2N2C2N3, N1C2N2NC2N3, S1C2S2C2S3, S1C3S2C3S3, and Te1CNTe2NCTe3. The homotridentate ligand with monodentate PR3 ligand builds up a distorted square planar geometry about Pt(II) atoms. The degree of distortion ranges from 0.029 to 0.092, and the reason for the distortion is discussed. There is an example that contains two crystallographically independent molecules within the same crystal. This is a classic example of distortion isomerism.

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Milan Melnik

Papers

Stereochemistry of Platinum Organometallics

Organomonophosphines in Pt(η3-X1X2X3)(PR3), (X = N1, N2, N3; S1, S2, S3; or Te1, Te2, Te3) Derivatives: Structural Aspects

Germanium Organometallic Compounds: Classification and Analysis of Crystallographic and Structural Data

Isomers in the Chemistry of Manganese Coordination Compounds

Nickel Carbonyl Compounds: Classification and Analysis of Crystallographic and Structural Data