Reverse osmosis desalination: Water sources, technology, and today's challenges

This paper reviews the development of latent heat thermal energy storage systems studied detailing various phase change materials (PCMs) investigated over the last three decades, the heat transfer and enhancement techniques employed in PCMs to effectively charge and discharge latent heat energy and the formulation of the phase change problem. It also examines the geometry and configurations of PCM containers and a series of numerical and experimental tests undertaken to assess the effects of parameters such as the inlet temperature and the mass flow rate of the heat transfer fluid (HTF). It is concluded that most of the phase change problems have been carried out at temperature ranges between 0 °C and 60 °C suitable for domestic heating applications. In terms of problem formulation, the common approach has been the use of enthalpy formulation. Heat transfer in the phase change problem was previously formulated using pure conduction approach but the problem has moved to a different level of complexity with added convection in the melt being accounted for. There is no standard method (such as British Standards or EU standards) developed to test for PCMs, making it difficult for comparison to be made to assess the suitability of PCMs to particular applications. A unified platform such as British Standards, EU standards needs to be developed to ensure same or similar procedure and analysis (performance curves) to allow comparison and knowledge gained from one test to be applied to another.

A review of materials, heat transfer and phase change problem formulation for latent heat thermal energy storage systems (LHTESS)

http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/44841/1/WRAP_Tian_Review%20on%20thermal%20energy%20storage%20with%20phase%20change.pdf

Review on thermal energy storage with phase change materials (PCMs) in building applications

Phase change materials for thermal energy storage

A review on energy conservation in building applications with thermal storage by latent heat using phase change materials

Microencapsulated PCM thermal-energy storage system

An active cooling system for photovoltaic modules

Performance investigation of flat plate, v-corrugated and finned air collectors

Drying characteristics of banana: theoretical modelling and experimental validation

Batch drying of banana pieces - effect of stepwise change in drying air temperature on drying kinetics and product colour

Mohammad Nurul Alam Hawlader

Papers

Microencapsulated PCM thermal-energy storage system

An active cooling system for photovoltaic modules

Performance investigation of flat plate, v-corrugated and finned air collectors

Drying characteristics of banana: theoretical modelling and experimental validation

Batch drying of banana pieces - effect of stepwise change in drying air temperature on drying kinetics and product colour