介绍了Kirk—Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology（化工技术百科全书）（第五版）电子图书网络版数据库，并对该数据库使用方法和检索途径作出了说明，且结合实例简单地介绍了该数据库的检索方法。

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology数据库介绍及实例

Adsorptive removal of hazardous materials using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs): A review

Recent advances in the science and technology of ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD) production

It is well known that urbanization and industrialization have resulted in the rapidly increasing emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are a major contributor to the formation of secondary pollutants (e.g., tropospheric ozone, PAN (peroxyacetyl nitrate), and secondary organic aerosols) and photochemical smog. The emission of these pollutants has led to a large decline in air quality in numerous regions around the world, which has ultimately led to concerns regarding their impact on human health and general well-being. Catalytic oxidation is regarded as one of the most promising strategies for VOC removal from industrial waste streams. This Review systematically documents the progresses and developments made in the understanding and design of heterogeneous catalysts for VOC oxidation over the past two decades. It addresses in detail how catalytic performance is often drastically affected by the pollutant sources and reaction conditions. It also highlights the primary routes for catalyst deactivation and discusses protocols for their subsequent reactivation. Kinetic models and proposed oxidation mechanisms for representative VOCs are also provided. Typical catalytic reactors and oxidizers for industrial VOC destruction are further discussed. We believe that this Review will provide a great foundation and reference point for future design and development in this field.

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Recent Advances in the Catalytic Oxidation of Volatile Organic Compounds: A Review Based on Pollutant Sorts and Sources.

A review of recent advances on process technologies for upgrading of heavy oils and residua

A catalyst for hydrotreating, especially hydrodesulfurization, of residua and heavy crudes is prepared by synthesizing the support from titanium and boehmite, to form either a titanium/alumina support (TiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 ) or a titanium-alumina support (TiO 2 —Al 2 O 3 ) that is thereafter provided with at least one hydrogenating metal from group VIB in oxide form and a promoter from group VIII also in oxide form. The (TiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 ) support is prepared from boehmite, which is peptized by using an inorganic acid, then extruded, calcined and impregnated with a solution containing titanium, while the (TiO 2 —Al 2 O 3 ) support is prepared by admixing boehmite with a titanium-containing solution, peptized using an inorganic acid, extruded and calcined to obtain the titanium-alumina support.

Catalyst for the hydrodesulfurization of residua and heavy crudes

Mixed oxides (Al―Si, Zr―Si, Mg―Si) were synthesized by the sol―gel method at different gelation times. The synthesized supports were impregnated by the incipient wetness method to obtain Ni-Mo, Co―Mo, and Ni-W supported catalysts. Both the supports and catalysts were characterized by N 2 physisorption for determining textural properties, and their catalytic activities were tested with isopropyl alcohol (2-propanol) and cumene decomposition in order to evaluate their acid―base properties. According to the obtained products, it was possible to assess qualitatively that Al―Si and Zr―Si supports and their respective catalysts were mainly acidic. In the case of NiMo/AlSi catalyst, high conversion during cumene cracking particularly at higher temperatures was observed. Cracking activity results indicated that surface acidity predominated due to Bronsted acid sites, which are mainly dependent on the support composition as well as their preparation methods. Conversion of isopropyl alcohol leads to the dehydration products, typically propylene with a very low amount of di-isopropyl ether or acetone. NiMo/AlSi catalyst was evaluated for cumene cracking and its kinetic parameters were obtained by applying the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The activation energy was found to be 27.75 kcal mol ―1 while the heat of adsorption calculated with the Van't Hoff equation was ―14.15 kcal mol ―1 taking into account a single-site surface reaction.

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Genesis of Acid−Base Support Properties with Variations of Preparation Conditions: Cumene Cracking and Its Kinetics

Petroleum refining industry is entering into the significant era of reformation due to the depletion of light petroleum and an increase in heavy or extra heavy crude oil production. There is a strong need to revise the processes that are commercially available for heavy crude oil refining. Upgrading of heavy and extra heavy oil by means of catalytic processes requires new generation catalyst along with several modifications of process conditions. This review focuses on the description of different ways to convert heavy crude oils into synthetic crude oil. Specific illustrative examples of hydroprocessing indicated how such studies may open up new routes in the search of suitable catalyst and process for upgrading heavy petroleum. [Received: October 10, 2007; Accepted: January 12, 2008]

Mohan S. Rana

Papers

Catalyst for the hydrodesulfurization of residua and heavy crudes

Genesis of Acid−Base Support Properties with Variations of Preparation Conditions: Cumene Cracking and Its Kinetics

Comparison between refinery processes for heavy oil upgrading: a future fuel demand

Prospects of refinery switching from conventional to integrated: An opportunity for sustainable investment in the petrochemical industry

Preparation, characterization and evaluation of Maya crude hydroprocessing catalysts