介绍了Kirk—Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology（化工技术百科全书）（第五版）电子图书网络版数据库，并对该数据库使用方法和检索途径作出了说明，且结合实例简单地介绍了该数据库的检索方法。

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology数据库介绍及实例

Recent advances in the science and technology of ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD) production

A review of recent advances on process technologies for upgrading of heavy oils and residua

Transition metal phosphide hydroprocessing catalysts: A review

Sulfur compounds represent one of the most common impurities present in the crude oil. Sulfur in liquid fuel oil leads directly to the emission of SO2 and sulfate particulate matter (SPM) that endangers public health and community property; and reduces the life of the engine due to corrosion. Furthermore, the sulfur compounds in the exhaust gases of diesel engines can significantly impair the emission control technology designed to meet NOx and SPM emission standards. The research efforts for developing conventional hydrodesulfurization and alternative desulfurization methods such as selective adsorption, biodesulfurization, oxidation/extraction (oxidative desulfurization), etc. for removing these refractory sulfur compounds from petroleum products are on the rise. Research laboratories and refineries are spending huge amounts of money in finding a viable and feasible solution to reduce sulfur to a concentration of less than 10 mg l−1. This paper reviews the current status in detail of various desulphurization techniques being studied worldwide. It presents an overview of novel emerging technologies for ultra-deep desulfurization so as to produce ultra-low-sulfur fuels.

An evaluation of desulfurization technologies for sulfur removal from liquid fuels

Mixed oxide supported hydrodesulfurization catalysts—a review

The catalytic aquathermolysis becomes an important area for investigation to solve some of the problems during exploration of heavy crude oil. It has been reported in 1982 by Hyne et al. that metals can accelerate the aquathermolysis and thereafter the uses of several catalysts on this reaction have been studied. It is believed that superheated water passes heat to the hydrocarbon, and some asphaltene molecules are broken down by thermal heat to small molecules. Hence the viscosity as well as flow properties of heavy oil are improved. Moreover, the added heat provides driving force or pressure so that the viscous oils can flow easily and increases the oil production. When the catalyst is present on this reaction system, the viscosity is reduced very deeply. In general the catalysts employed for aquathermolysis are mineral, water-soluble, oil soluble, and dispersed catalyst. The viscosity reduction with these catalysts is in the order of mineral < water-soluble catalyst < oil-soluble catalyst < dispersed c...

Catalytic Aquathermolysis Used for Viscosity Reduction of Heavy Crude Oils: A Review

Almost complete removal of 4,6-dimethyl dibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) will perhaps be inevitable for reducing the sulfur content of diesel to a level of 50 wppm and lower The hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of 4,6-DMDBT does not tend to occur through direct desulfurization, a pathway typically followed by reactive sulfur compounds over conventional CoMo/Al2O3 catalysts Its reactivity can be enhanced either by increasing the rate of direct desulfurization or by transforming it to a more activated molecule through hydrogenation, isomerization, demethylation, and C−C bond scission Attempts have been made to develop better catalysts using these concepts Different additives such as phosphorus, fluorine, and lanthanum have been added to the alumina support for developing the required catalytic properties Various other supports such as zeolite, zirconia, titania, etc, by themselves or in admixtures with alumina have also been used to improve the HDS activities of the catalysts This article reviews the results o

Search for an Efficient 4,6-DMDBT Hydrodesulfurization Catalyst: A Review of Recent Studies

A series of zirconia supported molybdenum catalysts were prepared and characterized by BETSA, XRD, TPR, FTIR, XPS and oxygen chemisorption. Thiophene, cyclohexene and tetrahydrofuran were taken as model compounds for evaluating their hydrodesulfurization (HDS), hydrogenation (HYD) and hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) activities, respectively. The XRD results indicate that Mo is present as a monolayer up to 6 wt.% loading, whereas MoO3 crystalline growth is observed beyond this loading. O2-uptake and catalytic activities also increase up to 6 wt.% Mo-loading but above this loading both start decreasing. There are good correlations between O2 uptake and all catalytic activities. TPR and FTIR results indicate that at lower loading, MoO3 is present as tetrahedra form and at moderate loading, both tetrahedral and octahedral forms are found. XPS results reveal that the electron transfer is taking place from support to molybdenum.

Characterization and evaluation of ZrO2 supported hydrotreating catalysts

A series of zirconia supported molybdenum catalysts were prepared and characterized by BETSA, XRD, TPR, FTIR, XPS and oxygen chemisorption. Thiophene, cyclohexene and tetrahydrofuran were taken as model compounds for evaluating their hydrodesulfurization (HDS), hydrogenation (HYD) and hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) activities, respectively. The XRD results indicate that Mo is present as a monolayer up to 6 wt.% loading, whereas MoO 3 crystalline growth is observed beyond this loading. O 2 -uptake and catalytic activities also increase up to 6 wt.% Mo-loading but above this loading both start decreasing. There are good correlations between O 2 uptake and all catalytic activities. TPR and FTIR results indicate that at lower loading, MoO 3 is present as tetrahedra form and at moderate loading, both tetrahedral and octahedral forms are found. XPS results reveal that the electron transfer is taking place from support to molybdenum.

Samir K. Maity

Papers

Mixed oxide supported hydrodesulfurization catalysts—a review

Catalytic Aquathermolysis Used for Viscosity Reduction of Heavy Crude Oils: A Review

Search for an Efficient 4,6-DMDBT Hydrodesulfurization Catalyst: A Review of Recent Studies

Characterization and evaluation of ZrO2 supported hydrotreating catalysts

Characterization and evaluation of ZrO 2 supported hydrotreating catalysts