Positive ions that are available in soils absorb on grain surfaces. The total sum of cations that can be absorbed bij a soil/sediment at a certain PH is defined by the cation-exchange capacity (CEC, in meq g-1: mol equivalents per gram). The uptake of cations is an important parameter in agriculture and the larger the CEC, the more cations can be absorbed to the soil. The CEC depends highly on the pH of soil and sediments, where the CEC decreases with decreasing PH (increasing acidity). The exchange of ions on sediments occurs commonly fast on geological time scales, but the kinetics of adsorption in natural environments is still poorly understood. The strength of the bonding between the cations and the sediments varies from weak Van der Waals bondings (physical adsorption) to strong chemical bonds. The CEC is widely used for agricultural assessment because it is a measure of general soil fertility as well as an indicator of structural stability because CED is capabel of enhancing development of shrinkage cracks. The list below shows the CEC for different types of minerals. The data indicate that the CEC can vary over 2 orders of magnitude for various types of , minerals and can vary one order of magnitude within one soil type. Cation exchange capacity for different types of sediment (Eisma, 1992; Locher and de Bakker, 1990):

Cation exchange capacity.

Metasurfaces: From microwaves to visible

Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants, 2nd edition, H. Marschner. Academic Press, London (1995), 889, (ISBN 0-12-473543-6). Price: 29.95 Pound Sterling

Before the emergence of ultra-wideband (UWB) radios, widely used wireless communications were based on sinusoidal carriers, and impulse technologies were employed only in specific applications (e.g. radar). In 2002, the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) allowed unlicensed operation between 3.1–10.6 GHz for UWB communication, using a wideband signal format with a low EIRP level (−41.3dBm/MHz). UWB communication systems then emerged as an alternative to narrowband systems and significant effort in this area has been invested at the regulatory, commercial, and research levels.

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques and Antennas and Propagation Announce a Joint Special Issue on Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Technology

Thank you very much for downloading lehninger principles of biochemistry 5th edition. As you may know, people have search hundreds times for their favorite novels like this lehninger principles of biochemistry 5th edition, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some malicious virus inside their computer.

Lehninger Principles Of Biochemistry 5th Edition

Signal generation at mm-Wave-to-THz frequencies is attractive because of its applications in bio-sensing, spectroscopy, detection of concealed weapons, as well as high-data-rate communication. CMOS is considered a potential platform to implement a low-cost and high-yield signal generation solution at this frequency range. Despite continuous scaling, effective fmax of active devices is not high enough and hence either harmonic oscillators or frequency multipliers are employed for high-frequency signal generation. In recent CMOS VCO designs, reasonable power levels (~1mW) and tuning range (~10GHz) have been reported at around 300GHz but with very low DC-to-RF efficiency (<;0.4%), which is undesirable for portable applications [1,4]. Moreover, power-level fluctuation is more than 3dB across the frequency range [1]. In this work, we introduce a scalable VCO architecture that efficiently generates and extracts the 2nd harmonic at 256GHz and hence simultaneously achieves high tuning range (16GHz), high output power (2.6mW), high DC-RF efficiency (1.14%), and low phase noise (-94dBc/Hz to -85dBc/Hz at 1MHz offset frequency across the tuning range). When compared to published state-of-the-art, this work demonstrates the highest output power, tuning range, and DC-to-RF efficiency, and the lowest phase noise among all CMOS VCOs above 200GHz.

14.8 A 247-to-263.5GHz VCO with 2.6mW peak output power and 1.14% DC-to-RF efficiency in 65nm Bulk CMOS

Copper (Cu) is an abundant essential micronutrient element in various rocks and minerals and is required for a variety of metabolic processes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes However, excess Cu can disturb normal development by adversely affecting biochemical reactions and physiological processes in plants The present study was conducted to explore the potential of gibberellic acid (GA3) on fibrous jute (Corchorus capsularis L) seedlings grown on Cu mining soil obtained from Hubei Province China Exogenous application of GA3 (10, 50, and 100 mg/L) on 60-day-old seedlings of C capsularis which was able to grow in highly Cu-contaminated soil (2221 mg/kg) to study different morphological, physiological, and Cu uptake and accumulation in different parts of C capsularis seedlings According to the results, increasing concentration of GA3 (more likely 100 mg/L) alleviates Cu toxicity in C capsularis seedlings by increasing plant growth, biomass, photosynthetic pigments, and gaseous exchange attributes The results also showed that exogenous application of GA3 reduced oxidative stress in C capsularis seedlings by the generation of extra reactive oxygen species (ROS) The reduction in oxidative stress in C capsularis seedlings is because that plant has strong enzymatic antioxidants [superoxidase dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT)], which ultimately increased their activities to overcome oxidative damage in the cells/tissues In addition to the plant growth, biomass, and photosynthesis, foliar application of GA3 also helps to increase metal (Cu) concentration in different parts of the plants when compared to 0 mg/L of application of GA3 From these findings, we can conclude that foliar application of GA3 plays a promising role in reducing ROS generation in the plant cells/tissues and increased phytoextraction of Cu in different plant parts However, more investigation is needed on field experiments to find a combination of GA3 with a very higher concentration of Cu using fibrous C capsularis

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-020-09764-3.pdf

Foliar application of gibberellic acid endorsed phytoextraction of copper and alleviates oxidative stress in jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) plant grown in highly copper-contaminated soil of China.

Traditional uses of medicinal plants reported by the indigenous communities and local herbal practitioners of Bajaur Agency, Federally Administrated Tribal Areas, Pakistan

Plant Growth Regulators for Climate-Smart Agriculture

A metamaterial is designed and integrated with non-Foster active elements to investigate wideband negative permeability characteristics. A composite structure made of periodic resonant loops terminated with capacitors is first developed, and demonstrated that the negative permeability can be achieved near the resonance where the material is highly dispersive and the response is narrowband. To overcome this limitation, a negative active inductor is designed and utilized to compensate for the frequency dispersion of the loop and to achieve wideband negative permeability. Transmission-line circuit model analogy is employed to theoretically investigate the behavior of the composite configuration and predict its physical parameters, followed by a full-wave analysis based on the CST Studio Suite to numerically validate the results. A simple periodic metasurface structure is also implemented to demonstrate the ability of negative active elements (e.g., negative C and negative L) to obtain wideband characteristics. As a result, considerable bandwidth enhancement for both composite metamaterial and metasurface integrated with negative active elements is achieved compared to traditional designs. The basic principle of non-Foster elements is discussed and Linvill's topology is used throughout the paper to obtain the negative impedance. The stability of the entire system is then investigated using the eigenvalue technique and, finally, some related issues to the stability of the non-Foster elements are discussed.

Muhammad Adnan

Papers

14.8 A 247-to-263.5GHz VCO with 2.6mW peak output power and 1.14% DC-to-RF efficiency in 65nm Bulk CMOS

Foliar application of gibberellic acid endorsed phytoextraction of copper and alleviates oxidative stress in jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) plant grown in highly copper-contaminated soil of China.

Traditional uses of medicinal plants reported by the indigenous communities and local herbal practitioners of Bajaur Agency, Federally Administrated Tribal Areas, Pakistan

Plant Growth Regulators for Climate-Smart Agriculture

Composite Metamaterial and Metasurface Integrated With Non-Foster Active Circuit Elements: A Bandwidth-Enhancement Investigation