Summary form only given. The layered architecture is one of the key reasons behind the explosive and continuing growth of the Internet. There are, however, special networks in which cross-layer design is appropriate and may even be necessary. Two such cases are small wireless LAN and large-scale sensor networks. We consider first the design of medium access control (MAC) for a small wireless LAN based on a multiuser physical layer. We present a complete characterization of the throughput region and present conditions under which ALOHA is optimal. Next we consider the estimation of signal field using data collected from a large scale sensor network. The impact of medium access control on estimation is examined. We show that there exists a threshold on sensor outage probability above which a distributed random access protocol (such as ALOHA) outperforms the centralized deterministic schedulers.

On cross-layer design of wireless networks

Visible light communication (VLC) is a new paradigm that could revolutionise the future of wireless communication. In VLC, information is transmitted through modulating the visible light spectrum (400–700 nm) that is used for illumination. Analytical and experimental work has shown the potential of VLC to provide high-speed data communication with the added advantage of improved energy efficiency and communication security/privacy. VLC is still in the early phase of research. There are fewer review articles published on this topic mostly addressing the physical layer research. Unlike other reviews, this article gives a system prespective of VLC along with the survey on existing literature and potential challenges toward the implementation and integration of VLC.

https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/5/1153/pdf

Visible Light Communication: A System Perspective-Overview and Challenges.

Advances in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, offer unprecedented opportunities to boost a wide array of large-scale Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Nevertheless, UAV platforms still face important limitations mainly related to autonomy and weight that impact their remote sensing capabilities when capturing and processing the data required for developing autonomous and robust real-time obstacle detection and avoidance systems. In this regard, Deep Learning (DL) techniques have arisen as a promising alternative for improving real-time obstacle detection and collision avoidance for highly autonomous UAVs. This article reviews the most recent developments on DL Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) and provides a detailed explanation on the main DL techniques. Moreover, the latest DL-UAV communication architectures are studied and their most common hardware is analyzed. Furthermore, this article enumerates the most relevant open challenges for current DL-UAV solutions, thus allowing future researchers to define a roadmap for devising the new generation affordable autonomous DL-UAV IoT solutions.

A Review on IoT Deep Learning UAV Systems for Autonomous Obstacle Detection and Collision Avoidance

Wearable human machine interfaces (HMI) such as smart gloves have attracted considerable interest in recent years. The quality of the interactive experience with the real and virtual world using wearable HMI technologies depends on the intuitive two‐way haptic interfaces they offer and the real‐time touch‐based information they send and receive. Herein, various smart glove solutions and their application in interaction, rehabilitation, virtual (VR) and augmented reality (AR), and augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) tasks are reviewed. While the early variants of such systems were based on commercial touch sensors and displays integrated (e.g., stitched) on wearables, electronic skin (e‐skin)‐type technologies with multifunctional capabilities are being explored nowadays for rich user experience and comfort. In this regard, instead of using separate touch sensors and actuators, miniaturized integrated devices providing both touch sensing and vibrotactile actuation have also been reported recently. Such advances, the associated challenges, and the advantages they offer for users to enjoy the full characteristic benefits of VR/ARs for interaction, immersion, and imagination are discussed. Finally, the huge potential the smart‐glove‐type solutions hold for advances in various application areas such as robotics, health care, sensorial augmentation for nondisabled and tactile Internet is also discussed.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/aisy.202100091

Smart Tactile Gloves for Haptic Interaction, Communication, and Rehabilitation

１ イントロダクション ２ プロトコルの基本 ３ ＧＡＰ（アドバタイズとコネクション） ４ ＧＡＴＴ（サービスと特性） ５ ハードウェアプラットフォーム ６ デバッグツール ７ アプリケーション設計ツール ８ Ａｎｄｒｏｉｄのプログラミング ９ ｉＯＳのプログラミング １０ 組み込みアプリケーション開発

Bluetooth low energyをはじめよう

Integration of federated machine learning and blockchain for the provision of secure big data analytics for Internet of Things

Emergency vehicle preemption (EVP) aims to give right of way to emergency vehicles (EV) heading toward the incident location through a network of signalized intersections by creating a green wave en-route. The design goals of EVP systems are two folds: first, to avoid any hindrance to the passage of EV along the road and at the intersections and second, to reduce the negative impact of preemption on general traffic. The negative impact of EVP on normal traffic can be minimized by selecting appropriate preemption strategy. The EVP schemes proposed earlier aim to minimize the travel time of the EV with no or little consideration to the negative impact of EVP on the normal traffic. In this study, a joint strategy for optimal path selection and EV preemption is developed. The proposed scheme selects the optimal path for the EV before it departs from its origin and then activates the preemption on each intersection en-route at the right time to clear the intersection before the EV reaches. The proposed EVP scheme also aims to minimize the impact of EVP over normal traffic at both stages (i.e., path selection phase and preemption phase). A major advantage of the proposed method is that once the optimal path is selected, the emergency information can be disseminated to other vehicles using vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication in the EV path to clear the entire route or the approaching lane. The strategy was tested using a microscopic simulation environment for a real traffic network. The findings indicated a major reduction in the travel time of the EV while minimizing the impact of preemption on the normal traffic. The proposed strategy and evaluation procedure can be helpful for corresponding agencies and practitioners to assess the impact of implementing preemption on existing or proposed arterials.

/pdf/a-strategy-for-emergency-vehicle-preemption-and-route-1yr5o1eabn.pdf

A Strategy for Emergency Vehicle Preemption and Route Selection

Literature Review of Advancements in Adaptive Ramp Metering

Wi-Fi Direct Research ‐ Current Status and Future Perspectives

The Wi-Fi Direct technology was proposed by Wi-Fi Alliance in order to facilitate device-to-device communications in Wi-Fi. The Wi-Fi Direct technology offers new possibilities to deploy opportunistic and cooperative networks. The actual state of the Wi-Fi Direct specification lacks optimization for P2P grouping and creating opportunistic networks. In this paper, we present a new P2P group formation method for opportunistic networks and we introduce the concept of nominating a backup group owner that can replace the group owner of a broken P2P group. In addition, we investigate required times to form a P2P group of variable number of nodes and we evaluate the efficiency of the backup group owner. Results show that our proposed P2P group formation method, in addition to the introduction of the backup group owner, can facilitate and accelerate opportunistic P2P grouping.

Muhammad Asif Khan

Papers

Integration of federated machine learning and blockchain for the provision of secure big data analytics for Internet of Things

A Strategy for Emergency Vehicle Preemption and Route Selection

Literature Review of Advancements in Adaptive Ramp Metering

Wi-Fi Direct Research ‐ Current Status and Future Perspectives

P2P Group Formation Enhancement for Opportunistic Networks with Wi-Fi Direct