/pdf/research-design-qualitative-quantitative-and-mixed-methods-1m92m1x5gg.pdf

Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches

第１章 会計理論の対象—ＡＳＯＢＡＴの序説を中心として 第２章 会計理論の形成方法—理論形成の方法論 第３章 会計理論の認識—会計における認識論 第４章 会計理論の基礎概念—ペイトン・リトルトンの基礎概念 第５章 会計理論の基礎単位—資産・負債・資本および費用・収益概念 第６章 会計理論の効用—リトルトンの所説を中心として

会計理論の構造 = Accounting theory

It would be most reasonable not to use the concept \"nation\" or its derivatives at all in political discourse.

The Nation: Crisis of a Project and of a Concept

There is an abundant literature about the individual entrepreneurship (entrepreneurs) and about corporate entrepreneurship within organizations, but little is written about a related concept like Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) in small businesses, and also, about how to describe its usefulness for their strategic formulation.The paper attempts to identify main attributes of the EO concept, and its determinants within small business context. It clearly appears that EO consists of three components: Innovativeness, risk-taking, and proactiveness of strategic leaders in these firms. An innovative small business will not be an entrepreneurial if it does not take risks or is not sufficiently proactive towards competitors and environment. After describing the emergence of this concept, the paper shows the importance of the EO as a valid strategic orientation for small businesses when they rethink their strategic analyses with Opportunity-based and Resource-based views. Adopting such orientation seems to reflect a needed conciliation between other strategic orientations (market-, technology- and stakeholder orientations) and altogether a mixing of them. Finally, the paper concludes with proposing some implications for future research to deepen the study (conceptually and empirically) of the EO within small business context.

A Conceptual Approach of the Entrepreneurial Orientation Within the Small Business Context

It's not always easy to predict how people will react to a merger, but it's harder to salvage a merger when you're unprepared for those reactions.

Mergers and Acquisitions: The Human Factor

Article history: Received: May 28, 2018 Received in revised format: July 19, 2018 Accepted: July 30, 2018 Available online: July 30, 2018 This paper identifies the mediating role of innovation and moderating role of size of enterprise on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and performance of Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs). For the purpose of this study, the necessary data is collected from 384 MSE's operating in Punjab province, Pakistan. Initially the data are analyzed using SPSS 22 and then, for the development of structure equation modeling, Smart PLS-3 is used. Two aspects of entrepreneurial orientations; namely risk taking and pro-activeness are analyzed and innovation is considered as mediating variable. The major contribution of the study is to identify any moderating effect of size of the enterprise on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation, innovation and performance of MSEs. These elements basically show the contribution that is made by the innovation and performance of the MSE's. The results reveal that the size of enterprises moderated the relationship between risk taking and performance, pro-activeness and performance as well as innovation and performance. © 2018 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada

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Do entrepreneurial orientation and size of enterprise influence the performance of micro and small enterprises? A study on mediating role of innovation

The study investigated that whether the relationship between macroeconomic fluctuations and stock indexes is symmetrical or asymmetrical in nature. This study employed nonlinear autoregressive dist...

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23322039.2020.1757802

Asymmetrical relationship between oil prices, gold prices, exchange rate, and stock prices during global financial crisis 2008: Evidence from Pakistan

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in economic growth, innovation, and competitiveness, which ultimately enhances business performance. This study investigated the three dimensions of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) of manufacturing sector SMEs in Punjab, Pakistan. In this study the effects of three EO dimensions including innovativeness, pro-activeness, and risk taking have been analyzed with regard to business performance. Questionnaire was used as the main instrument of data collection. Quantitative techniques were applied for analyzing the data. Innovativeness, pro-activeness, and risk taking have a significant impact over business performance of manufacturing sector SMEs. Results further indicated there were positive correlations among innovativeness, pro-activeness and risk taking with business performance of SMEs. This study could be useful for policy makers, owners, and managers to plan their activities for getting better performance of SMEs operating in Punjab, Pakistan.

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Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Performance of Manufacturing Sector Small and Medium Scale Enterprises of Punjab Pakistan

Access to finance is considered as very important for gaining high performance of Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs). Yet it has been observed that despite the availability of access to finance the performance of several MSEs is poor, which is a major hurdle in the growth rate of MSEs. The purpose of this study was to find the difference in certain performance indicators of MSEs who owners have been given training against those whose owners have never been given any kind of training. In order to conduct study survey research has been conducted and a sample of 384 MSEs was selected on simple random basis. The findings revealed that all the performance indicators including sales increase, income increase, assets increase, employment increase, and meeting household expenses have shown a significant difference among the two groups. The findings of the study are very important for the policy makers and the people who are involved in microfinance industry.

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Microfinance and Performance of Micro and Small Enterprises: Does Training have an Impact

Islamic banking is growing at a fast pace in economies which are considered as the champions of entrepreneurship and counter interest-based monetary system. Currently, Islamic banks have touched $1 trillion and is rising around at 20% yearly. However, this rapid growth is not limited to the Muslim countries but commodities of Islamic institutions are obtaining reputation in non-Muslim countries. The purpose of this study is to understand the main differences in Islamic and conventional banking in Pakistan on the basis of cost and benefit analysis, comparison of lending structure, and comparison of risk management especially in the context of current digital era. The methodology followed in the paper is based on the review of literature and particularly the banking practices in Pakistan. In this study, it has been analyzed that how a system made by Muslim economists long ago has become a powerful reality. This study inspects the upright addendum of Islamic banking and compare it to conventional banking. Effects of the inspection are positive as the productivity and success of Islamic banks is better than that of non-Islamic banks even in current digital economies. It is useful for the practitioners and policy makers to seek guidance for strengthening of the system. 

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Muzaffar Asad

Papers

Do entrepreneurial orientation and size of enterprise influence the performance of micro and small enterprises? A study on mediating role of innovation

Asymmetrical relationship between oil prices, gold prices, exchange rate, and stock prices during global financial crisis 2008: Evidence from Pakistan

Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Performance of Manufacturing Sector Small and Medium Scale Enterprises of Punjab Pakistan

Microfinance and Performance of Micro and Small Enterprises: Does Training have an Impact

A Crital Review of Islamic and Conventional Banking in Digital Era: A Case of Pakistan