The wireless sensor networks have long been an attractive field to the researchers and scientists for its ease in deployment and maintenance. In this research, we focus on the maximization of network lifetime which has become a critical issue in sensor networks. Clustered organization of nodes with aggregation of data at the cluster head becomes one of the significant means to extend life expectancy of the network. This paper proposes Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) approach for generating energy-aware clusters by optimal selection of cluster heads. The PSO eventually reduces the cost of locating optimal position for the head nodes in a cluster. In addition, we have implemented the PSO-based approach within the cluster rather than base station, which makes it a semi-distributed method. The selection criteria of the objective function are based on the residual energy, intra-cluster distance, node degree and head count of the probable cluster heads. Furthermore, influence of the expected number of packet retransmissions along the estimated path towards the cluster head is also reflected in our proposed energy consumption model. The performance evaluation of our proposed technique is carried out with respect to the well-known cluster-based sensor network protocols, LEACH-C and PSO-C respectively. Finally, the simulation clarifies the effectiveness of our proposed work over its comparatives in terms of network lifetime, average packet transmissions, cluster head selection rounds supported by PSO and average energy consumption.

/pdf/a-novel-energy-aware-cluster-head-selection-based-on-4dd3da93ll.pdf

A novel energy-aware cluster head selection based on particle swarm optimization for wireless sensor networks

In selecting a mathematical model for simulating physical behaviours, it is important to reach an acceptable compromise between analytical complexity and achievable precision. With the aim of helping researchers and designers working in the area of photovoltaic systems to make a choice among the numerous diode-based models, a criterion for rating both the usability and accuracy of one-diode models is proposed in this paper. A three-level rating scale, which considers the ease of finding the data used by the analytical procedure, the simplicity of the mathematical tools needed to perform calculations and the accuracy achieved in calculating the current and power, is used. The proposed criterion is tested on some one-diode equivalent circuits whose analytical procedures, hypotheses and equations are minutely reviewed along with the operative steps to calculate the model parameters. To assess the achievable accuracy, the current-voltage (I-V) curves at constant solar irradiance and/or cell temperature obtained from the analysed models are compared to the characteristics issued by photovoltaic (PV) panel manufacturers and the differences of current and power are calculated. The results of the study highlight that, even if the five parameter equivalent circuits are suitable tools, different usability ratings and accuracies can be observed.

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/9/6/427/pdf

A Criterion for Rating the Usability and Accuracy of the One-Diode Models for Photovoltaic Modules

Effect of gate engineering in double-gate MOSFETs for analog/RF applications

Electron transport material effect on performance of perovskite solar cells based on CH3NH3GeI3

With the increasing attention paid to many-objective optimization in the evolutionary multi-objective optimization community, various approaches have been proposed to solve many-objective problems. However, existing experimental comparative studies are usually restricted to a few methods. Few studies have encompassed most of the recently proposed state-of-the-art approaches and made an experimental comparison. To this end, this paper offers a systematic comparison of 13 algorithms covering various categories to solve many-objective problems. The experimental comparison is conducted on three groups of test functions by using two performance metrics and a visual observation in the decision space. The experimental results demonstrate that different approaches have different search abilities. None of the test approaches outperform the others on all types of problems. However, some of the approaches are competitive on a large number of test problems. Moreover, inconsistent results from the hypervolume and the inverted generational distance metrics are revealed in this paper. Based on these comparative results, researchers can obtain useful suggestions for choosing appropriate algorithms for different problems.

Evolutionary Many-Objective Optimization: A Comparative Study of the State-of-the-Art

An optimized perovskite solar cell designs for high conversion efficiency

Analytical analysis of nanoscale multiple gate MOSFETs including effects of hot-carrier induced interface charges.

Enhancement of efficiency and stability of CH3NH3GeI3 solar cells with CuSbS2

In this paper, we have proposed and simulated a new 10-nm Dual-Material Surrounded Gate MOSFETs (DMSG) MOSFETs for nanoscale digital circuit applications. The subthreshold electrical properties such as subthreshold current–voltage characteristics, subthreshold swing factor, threshold voltage and drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) of the device have been ascertained and mathematical models have been developed. It has been observed that the DM design can effectively suppress short-channel effects as compared to single material gate structure. The proposed analytical expressions are used to formulate the objective functions, which are the pre-requisite of genetic algorithm computation. The problem is then presented as a multi-objective optimization one where the subthreshold electrical parameters are considered simultaneously. Therefore, the proposed technique is used to search of the optimal electrical and geometrical parameters to obtain better electrical performance of the 10-nm-scale transistor. These characteristics make the optimized 10-nm transistors potentially suitable for deep nanoscale logic and memory applications.

N. Lakhdar

Papers

Electron transport material effect on performance of perovskite solar cells based on CH3NH3GeI3

An optimized perovskite solar cell designs for high conversion efficiency

Analytical analysis of nanoscale multiple gate MOSFETs including effects of hot-carrier induced interface charges.

Enhancement of efficiency and stability of CH3NH3GeI3 solar cells with CuSbS2

An optimized design of 10-nm-scale dual-material surrounded gate MOSFETs for digital circuit applications