There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

介绍了Kirk—Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology（化工技术百科全书）（第五版）电子图书网络版数据库，并对该数据库使用方法和检索途径作出了说明，且结合实例简单地介绍了该数据库的检索方法。

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology数据库介绍及实例

There is a special reason for reviewing this book at this time: it is the 50th edition of a compendium that is known and used frequently in most chemical and physical laboratories in many parts of the world. Surely, a publication that has been published for 56 years, withstanding the vagaries of science in this century, must have had something to offer. There is another reason: while the book is a standard fixture in most chemical and physical laboratories, including those in medical centers, it is not as frequently seen in the laboratories of physician's offices (those either in solo or group practice). I believe that the Handbook can be useful in those laboratories. One of the reasons, among others, is that the various basic items of information it offers may be helpful in new tests, either physical or chemical, which are continuously being published. The basic information may relate

Handbook of Chemistry and Physics

Membrane distillation: A comprehensive review

https://www.eis.hu.edu.jo/deanshipfiles/pub10311353.pdf

Numerical study of natural convection in partially heated rectangular enclosures filled with nanofluids

Thermodynamic analysis of solar-assisted hybrid power generation systems integrated with thermochemical fuel conversion

The energy predicament that the world faces, composed of rising energy and overall resources consumption alongside with associated rise in negative environmental, economical and social impacts, is described with recent data. A brief discussion of the status, sustainability (economic, environmental and social impact), and challenges and prospects of fossil, nuclear (including nuclear water desalination) and renewable energy use, and of power generation including the further-future concepts of superconductors, nuclear fusion, and power generation in space for terrestrial use, is presented. Comments about energy conservation and the rebound effect are brought up. Ways to resolve the problem of the availability, cost, and sustainability of energy resources alongside the rapidly rising demand, are discussed. The author's view of the promising sustainable energy paths to the future, and last year's trends in government funding, are presented.

/pdf/the-current-status-and-possible-sustainable-paths-to-energy-4mi4rxzc9x.pdf

The current status and possible sustainable paths to energy “generation” and Use

Optimal insulation of solar heating system pipes and tanks

During gas quenching of steel the local heat transfer rate is of major importance for the final hardness, its uniformity, and the distortion of the parts. The local heat transfer coefficient distributions on a two-diameter long cylinder (150 mm in diameter) was measured in axial flows of air, at Reynolds numbers ( ) of 8.9 to 6.17 (9 to 63 m/s). The measurements were performed at different upstream air flow conditions, which were set by varying the flow turbulence level ( ) using a turbulence generating grid, and by using flow modification inserts in front of the cylinder. The heat transfer coefficients were evaluated from the measured surface temperatures using a thermochromic liquid crystal (TLC) technique. The TLC was applied onto an electrically heated thin foil, which allowed for full surface heat transfer measurements including the cylinder ends. The turbulence-generating grid caused an increase in the heat transfer coefficient up to 22 % and when a flow modification insert was used the nonuniformity was reduced up to 35%. The heat transfer coefficient evaluated as a Nusselt number ( ) was found to increase with , and relations between and are presented. IN QUENCHING, the product hardness, uniformity of mechanical properties, and shape distortion depend on the rate and uniformity of the cooling. Gas quenching requires high gas speeds and pressures (typical values are 10 m/s and 10 bar, but they vary widely depending on the application), i.e. turbulent flows with Reynolds numbers typically between a few hundred thousand to a few million. The flows are thus highly turbulent, with separations and reattachments, which create significant convection heat transfer coefficient nonuniformities over the body surface. These coefficients must be controlled in magnitude and uniformity to obtain optimal quench products. A cylinder is a classical shape of interest to quenching, but despite a fair number of experimental studies that provide heat transfer coefficient distributions for single cylinders (cf. Lowery 1975 [1] , Achenbach 1975 [2], Zukauskas 1985 [3], Wiberg 2000 [4]) and multiple ones (cf. Achenbach 1989 [5]) in cross flows, little information is available for cylinders in axial flow, and none were measured for 5.5 . Specifically, heat transfer measurements at constant surface heat flux, were performed by Ota and Kon 1977 [6], for 2.52

Convection heat transfer coefficients for axial flow gas quenching of a cylinder

A novel liquefied natural gas (LNG) fueled power plant is proposed, which has virtually zero CO2 and other emissions and a high efficiency. Natural gas is fired in highly enriched oxygen and recycled CO2 flue gas. The plant operates in a quasi-combined cycle mode with a supercritical CO2 Rankine-like cycle and a CO2 Brayton cycle, interconnected by the heat transfer process in the recuperation system. By coupling with the LNG evaporation system as the cycle cold sink, the cycle condensation process can be achieved at a temperature much lower than ambient, and high-pressure liquid CO2 ready for disposal can be withdrawn from the cycle without consuming additional power. The net thermal and exergy efficiencies of a base-case cycle are found to be over 65% and 50% respectively, which can be increased up to 68% and 54% when reheat is used. Cycle variants incorporating reheat, intercooling, and reheat+intercooling, as well as no use of LNG coldness, are also defined and analyzed for comparison. The approximate heat transfer area needed for the different cycle variants is also computed. Besides electricity and condensed CO2 , the byproducts of the plant are H2 O, liquid N2 and Ar.Copyright © 2003 by ASME

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Noam Lior

Papers

Thermodynamic analysis of solar-assisted hybrid power generation systems integrated with thermochemical fuel conversion

The current status and possible sustainable paths to energy “generation” and Use

Optimal insulation of solar heating system pipes and tanks

Convection heat transfer coefficients for axial flow gas quenching of a cylinder

Configuration Analysis of a Novel Zero CO2 Emission Cycle With LNG Cryogenic Exergy Utilization