P H F Nicholson

TL;DR: A scattering model based on velocity fluctuations in a binary mixture was used to estimate the ultrasonic attenuation in cancellous bone as a function of volume fraction, and appears to be a good starting point for further theoretical investigations using scattering theories.

TL;DR: The study shows that the 3 approaches to the BUA algorithms are strongly related, suggesting that translation may be possible between methods, and suggests that measurements on commercial equipment using large receiver apertures are not strongly affected by phase cancellation, averaging or scattering.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that clinically applicable measurements of bulk velocity and BMD are good predictors of the elastic modulus of calcaneal bone, and that bulk and bar velocity, both alone and when combined with density measurements, have a similar predictive ability for mechanical properties.

TL;DR: Low-frequency ultrasound can be used to directly predict the mechanical properties of trabecular bone specimens in vitro and raises questions about the validity of applying the bar wave equation in the context of higher-frequency velocity measurements in the intact calcaneus in vivo.

TL;DR: A consensus on the clinical role of ultrasound for the assessment of osteoporosis is developed and a definition of terminology along with calibration and quality assurance procedures is considered.