Probability Distributions.- Linear Models for Regression.- Linear Models for Classification.- Neural Networks.- Kernel Methods.- Sparse Kernel Machines.- Graphical Models.- Mixture Models and EM.- Approximate Inference.- Sampling Methods.- Continuous Latent Variables.- Sequential Data.- Combining Models.

Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning

This memorandum describes RTP, the real-time transport protocol. RTP provides end-to-end network transport functions suitable for applications transmitting real-time data, such as audio, video or simulation data, over multicast or unicast network services. RTP does not address resource reservation and does not guarantee quality-of-service for real-time services. The data transport is augmented by a control protocol (RTCP) to allow monitoring of the data delivery in a manner scalable to large multicast networks, and to provide minimal control and identification functionality. RTP and RTCP are designed to be independent of the underlying transport and network layers. The protocol supports the use of RTP-level translators and mixers.

/pdf/rtp-a-transport-protocol-for-real-time-applications-4rr13zq7f5.pdf

RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications

This document describes the Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP). SCTP is designed to transport PSTN signaling messages over IP networks, but is capable of broader applications.

Stream Control Transmission Protocol

The objective of this paper is to give a comprehensive introduction to applied cryptography with an engineer or computer scientist in mind. The emphasis is on the knowledge needed to create practical systems which supports integrity, confidentiality, or authenticity. Topics covered includes an introduction to the concepts in cryptography, attacks against cryptographic systems, key use and handling, random bit generation, encryption modes, and message authentication codes. Recommendations on algorithms and further reading is given in the end of the paper. This paper should make the reader able to build, understand and evaluate system descriptions and designs based on the cryptographic components described in the paper.

[서평]「Applied Cryptography」

The use of cryptographic hash functions like MD5 or SHA-1 for message authentication has become a standard approach in many applications, particularly Internet security protocols. Though very easy to implement, these mechanisms are usually based on ad hoc techniques that lack a sound security analysis.

We present new, simple, and practical constructions of message authentication schemes based on a cryptographic hash function. Our schemes, NMAC and HMAC, are proven to be secure as long as the underlying hash function has some reasonable cryptographic strengths. Moreover we show, in a quantitative way, that the schemes retain almost all the security of the underlying hash function. The performance of our schemes is essentially that of the underlying hash function. Moreover they use the hash function (or its compression function) as a black box, so that widely available library code or hardwair can be used to implement them in a simple way, and replaceability of the underlying hash function is easily supported.

/pdf/keying-hash-functions-for-message-authentication-at0rkh7yp0.pdf

Keying Hash Functions for Message Authentication

This paper presents the design principles, architecture, implementation and performance of our modular key management protocol (MKMP) and an IP secure tunnel protocol (IPST) which protects the secrecy and integrity of IP datagrams using cryptographic functions. To use the existing IP infrastructure, MKMP is built on top of UDP and the IPST protocol is built by encapsulating IP datagrams.

Design and implementation of modular key management protocol and IP secure tunnel on AIX

Generating a behavior profile is provided. A newness score is calculated for a data point corresponding to a context of an access request to a resource made by a user of a client device. Newness scores for a plurality of data points corresponding to contexts of a plurality of access requests are aggregated to form an aggregated newness score. In response to determining that the aggregated newness score is greater than or equal to a pre-defined newness score threshold, data points stored in a data point cache and a long-term storage are used to generate a new behavior profile for the user or update an existing behavior profile for the user.

Adaptive behavior profiling and anomaly scoring through continuous learning

In this paper we present the design, rationale, and implementation of the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) Protocol. This protocol is used to create and maintain Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) associations and secure tunnels in the IP layer. Secure tunnels are used to construct virtual private networks (VPNs) over the Internet. The implementation is done in the application layer. The design includes four components: (1) an IKE protocol engine to execute the IKE protocol, (2) a tunnel manager to create and manage secure tunnels--it generates requests to the IKE protocol engine to establish security associations, (3) VPN policy administration tools to manage VPN policies that guide the actions of the IKE protocol engine and the tunnel manager, and (4) a certificate proxy server to acquire and verify public key certificates that are used for authentication of messages and identities in the IKE protocol. The implementation was done on the Advanced Interactive Executive® (AIX®) operating system at IBM Research and has been transferred to IBM's AIX, Application System/400®, and System/390® products.

An architecture for the internet key exchange protocol

An access control system and method includes a risk index module which computes a risk index for a dimension contributing to risk. A boundary range defined for a parameter representing each risk index such that the parameter above the range is unacceptable, below the range is acceptable and in the range is acceptable with mitigation measures. A mitigation module determines the mitigation measures which reduce the parameter within the range.

System and method for fuzzy multi-level security

Generating a resource access control decision is provided. A user trust value associated with a user identifier of a user requesting access to a protected resource is modulated based on an estimated risk value associated with a context of a resource access request. The resource access control decision is generated based on the modulated user trust value associated with the user requesting access to the protected resource.

Pau-Chen Cheng

Papers

Design and implementation of modular key management protocol and IP secure tunnel on AIX

Adaptive behavior profiling and anomaly scoring through continuous learning

An architecture for the internet key exchange protocol

System and method for fuzzy multi-level security

Trust/value/risk-based access control policy