Showing papers by "Paul Christodoulides published in 2015"

Drivers and Outcomes of Green Tourist Attitudes and Behavior: Sociodemographic Moderating Effects

Abstract: This article reports the findings of a study, conducted among 234 foreign tourists who visited Cyprus, that aimed to identify the drivers and outcomes of eco-friendly attitudes and behavior. Using structural equation modeling, the authors confirmed that deontological status, law obedience, and political action of tourists positively influence the adoption of an environmentally friendly attitude. In turn, these effects are conducive to eco-friendly behavior, which ultimately enhances tourist satisfaction. Certain sociodemographic characteristics of tourists—namely, gender, age, education, and income—had a moderating effect on the link between deontological status, law obedience, and political action on the one hand and eco-friendly attitudes on the other hand. Tourist nationality also had a control effect on tourist eco-friendly attitudes.

Microfluidics flow and heat transfer in microstructured fibers of circular and elliptical geometry

Abstract: The field of microfluidics utilizes micron-scale devices to control the flow of fluids The principal application is the manipulation of very small volumes of fluids on the order of nanoliters to femtoliters that are typically seeded with nanoparticles Hence the control and sorting of nanoparticles is a primary goal using this technology There is recent interest in the use of microstructure optical fibers for many applications that are principally related to optical sensing and new forms of optical spectroscopy; as part of this, knowledge of the heat transfer of fluids, whereby the guided light interacts with a fluid in the region of the air-hole structure, demands special attention In this work we study the fluid transport capabilities of microstructured fibers with cross-sections containing circular or elliptical holes, while considering the effects of flow rates, fluid viscosity, and the channel shape The role of heat flux is considered in relation to the fluid characteristics Results can be obtained through the solution of the time-dependent Navier–Stokes equations and the convection–diffusion equation This work is of importance as one cannot assume that the flow dynamics in microstructured fibers will be the same as conventional microfluidic channels Through the study of the heat transfer, for pressure-driven and other flows and for low Reynolds numbers, we confirm the anticipated behavior of the fluids in the microchannel structure

Microfluidic flow and heat transfer and their influence upon optical modes in microstructure fibres

Abstract: Using finite element analysis (FEA), a model has been constructed to predict the thermo-fluidic and optical properties of a microstructure optical fibre (MOF). The properties under study include external temperature, input water velocity and optical fibre geometry. Under laminar flow the steady-state temperature is dependent on the water channel radius while independent of the input velocity. A critical channel radius is observed below which the steady-state temperature of the water channel is constant, while above, the temperature decreases. The MOF has been found capable of supporting multiple modes whose response to temperature was dominated by the thermo-optic coefficient of glass, despite the larger thermo-optic coefficient of water. This is attributed to the majority of the light being confined within the glass, which increased with increasing external temperature due to a larger difference in the refractive index between the glass core and the water channel.

A Probabilistic Spatial Distribution Model for Wire Faults in Parallel Network-on-Chip Links

Abstract: High-performance chip multiprocessors contain numerous parallel-processing cores where a fabric devised as a network-on-chip (NoC) efficiently handles their escalating intertile communication demands. Unfortunately, prolonged operational stresses cause accelerated physically induced wearout leading to permanent metal wire faults in links. Where only a subset of wires may malfunction, enduring healthy wires are leveraged to sustain connectivity when a partially faulty link recovery mechanism is utilized, where its data recovery latency overhead is proportional to the number of consecutive faulty wires. With NoC link failure models being ultimately important, albeit being absent from existing literature, the construction of a mathematical model towards the understanding of the distribution of wire faults in parallel on-chip links is very critical. This paper steps in such a direction, where the objective is to find the probability of having a “fault segment” consisting of a certain number of consecutive “faulty” wires in a parallel NoC link. First, it is shown how the given problem can be reduced to an equivalent combinatorial problem through partitions and necklaces. Then the proposed algorithm counts certain classes of necklaces by making a separation between periodic and aperiodic cases. Finally, the resulting analytical model is tested successfully against a far more costly brute-force algorithm.