Paul P. Lunkenheimer

TL;DR: A review of the anatomical studies performed separately and conjointly over a period of nearly 30 years shows that there is no anatomic evidence to support the concept of a 'ventricular myocardial band', and the overall arrangement is for the myocytes to be supported as the muscular components of a continuous and complex mass.

TL;DR: Investigations show that the only muscular unit to be found within the myocardial walls is the cardiac myocyte itself, and that, rather than forming a continuous band, or being arranged as sheets, the myocytes are aggregated together as a three‐dimensional mesh within a supporting matrix of fibrous tissue.

TL;DR: This work aimed to validate the existence of aggregates of myocardial cells orientated with their long axis intruding obliquely between the ventricular epicardial and endocardial surfaces and to quantitate their amount and angulation.

TL;DR: This is the first study to show myocardial pathways that run through the mammalian left and right ventricles in a highly reproducible manner according to varying local helical and transmural intrusion angles.

TL;DR: The method has the potential to detecting deviations from this basic normal architecture, being capable of reconstructing the ventricular mass so as to assess the spatial coordinates of any single fibre strand, and has major potential clinical applications in the setting of the failing or malformed heart.