Paul Penfield

TL;DR: The computer-aided fabrication environment (CAFE) is a software system being developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for use in the manufacture of integrated circuits (ICs).

TL;DR: The results apply to APL, other languages, applications packages, and VLSI hardware for complex calculations, and it is recommended that comparison tolerance be used in the selection of principal values.

TL;DR: Theoretical expressions originally derived by Stratton are considered in relation to waveguide modes, and the relationship between momentum transfer and mechanical force is discussed in this article, where it is suggested that this electromagnetic equivalent of the conservation of momentum is a useful theoretical tool, and examples of its application are described.

TL;DR: In this article, a generalization of this method, using linear operators, is given for relativistic electron beams and anisotropic plasmas, and several useful conservation theorems are derived for confined-flow and irrotational-flow devices.

TL;DR: Methods adapted from optimal control are used to calculate simple closed-form upper and lower bounds for the step response of linear systems governed by M-matrices, which have proven to be of real industrial significance in integrated circuit CAD.