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https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(99)07072-5.pdf

Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial

fatty acids affect cardiac function (including antiarrhythmic effects), hemodynamics (cardiac mechanics), and arterial endothelial function have helped clarify potential mechanisms of action. The present Statement will address distinctions between plant-derived (-linolenic acid, C18:3n-3) and marine-derived (eicosapentaenoic acid, C20:5n-3 [EPA] and docosahexaenoic acid, C22:6n-3 [DHA]) omega-3 fatty acids. (Unless otherwise noted, the term omega-3 fatty acids will refer to the latter.) Evidence from epidemiological studies and RCTs will be reviewed, and recommendations reflecting the current state of knowledge will be made with regard to both fish consumption and omega-3 fatty acid (plant- and marine-derived) supplementation. This will be done in the context of recent guidance issued by the US Environmental Protection Agency and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) about the presence of environmental contaminants in certain species of fish.

http://www.hearthealthynaturalbeef.com/americanheartassociationnov192002.pdf

Fish Consumption, Fish Oil, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Cardiovascular Disease

Background: The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascul...

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2021 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.

Mediterranean alpha-linolenic acid-rich diet in secondary prevention of coronary heart disease.

Coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion in the anesthetized rat was used as a whole animal model of arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death to examine the influence of long-term dietary lipid modulation of myocardial membrane fatty acids on the development of cardiac arrhythmias. Feeding rats a diet supplemented with tuna fish oil significantly reduced the incidence and severity of arrhythmias, preventing ventricular fibrillation during both occlusion and reperfusion. Dietary sunflower seed oil reduced arrhythmias during occlusion but not in reperfusion. Dietary fat can modify the vulnerability of the myocardium to arrhythmic stimuli. The efficacy of tuna fish oil in reducing vulnerability to both ischemic and reperfusion arrhythmias suggests a potential beneficial effect of dietary n-3 fatty acids in addition to their influence on hemostasis, plasma lipids, and atherosclerosis that may contribute to their proposed role in lowering cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity.

Dietary fish oil prevents ventricular fibrillation following coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion

Relative effects of dietary saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids on cardiac arrhythmias in rats.

Background— Regular fish consumption is associated with low cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. Fish oils modify cardiac membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition with potent antiarrhythmic effects. We tested the effects of dietary fish oil on ventricular hemodynamics and myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2). Methods and Results— Male Wistar rats were fed for 16 weeks on a reference diet rich in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), a diet rich in saturated animal fat (SAT), or a diet rich in n-3 PUFA from fish oil. Isolated working hearts were perfused with porcine erythrocytes (40% hematocrit) at 75 mm Hg afterload with variable preload (5 to 20 mm Hg) or with low coronary flow ischemia with maintained afterload, preload, and heart rate, then reperfused. MVO2 was low and coronary perfusion reserve high in n-3 PUFA hearts, and cardiac output increased with workload. The n-3 PUFA reduced ischemic markers—acidosis, K+, lactate, and creatine kinase—and increased contractile recovery during ...

/pdf/cardiac-membrane-fatty-acid-composition-modulates-myocardial-5fhdenr1d0.pdf

Peter L McLennan

Papers

Dietary fish oil prevents ventricular fibrillation following coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion

Dietary fish oil prevents ventricular fibrillation following coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion

Relative effects of dietary saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids on cardiac arrhythmias in rats.

Cardiac Membrane Fatty Acid Composition Modulates Myocardial Oxygen Consumption and Postischemic Recovery of Contractile Function

The cardiovascular protective role of docosahexaenoic acid