Energy flexibility of residential buildings using short term heat storage in the thermal mass

Controlling district heating and cooling networks to unlock flexibility: A review

Nowadays, there is growing interest in all the smart technologies that provide us with information and knowledge about the human environment. In the energy field, thanks to the amount of data received from smart meters and devices and the progress made in both energy software and computers, the quality of energy models is gradually improving and, hence, also the suitability of Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs). For this reason, the measurement of the accuracy of building energy models is an important task, because once the model is validated through a calibration procedure, it can be used, for example, to apply and study different strategies to reduce its energy consumption in maintaining human comfort. There are several agencies that have developed guidelines and methodologies to establish a measure of the accuracy of these models, and the most widely recognized are: ASHRAE Guideline 14-2014, the International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP) and the Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP). This article intends to shed light on these validation measurements (uncertainty indices) by focusing on the typical mistakes made, as these errors could produce a false belief that the models used are calibrated.

/pdf/validation-of-calibrated-energy-models-common-errors-30ng1jod19.pdf

Validation of calibrated energy models: Common errors

Modeling urban building energy use: A review of modeling approaches and procedures

Quantifying the operational flexibility of building energy systems with thermal energy storages

The management of electricity grids requires the supply and demand of electricity to be in balance at any point in time. To this end, electricity suppliers have to nominate their electricity bids on the day-ahead electricity market so that the forecast supply and demand are in balance. One way to reduce the cost of electricity supply is to minimize the procurement costs of electricity by shifting flexible loads from peak to off-peak hours. This can be done by offering consumers time-of-use variable electricity tariffs as an incentive to shift their demand. This study provides typologies of smart grid energy ready buildings within the context of the Belgian residential building stock and the Belgian day-ahead electricity market. Typical new residential buildings are considered, equipped with air-to-water heat pumps that supply either radiators or a floor heating system. Five heating control strategies are compared in terms of thermal comfort, energy use, cost, and flexibility. Flexibility is quantified in ...

Smart grid energy flexible buildings through the use of heat pumps and building thermal mass as energy storage in the Belgian context

https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/1360472.pdf

Calibration of Building Energy Simulation Models Based on Optimization: A Case Study

Thermal Comfort and Visual Comfort in an Office Building Equipped with Smart Electrochromic Glazing: An Experimental Study

Evaluation of thermal comfort in an office building in the humid tropical climate of Benin

The management of electricity grids requires the supply and demand of electricity to be in balance at any point in time. To this end, electricity suppliers have to nominate their electricity bids on the day-ahead electricity market such that the forecasted supply and demand are in balance. One way to reduce the cost of electricity supply is to minimize the procurement costs of electricity by shifting flexible loads from peak to off-peak hours. This can be done by offering consumers time-of-use (ToU) variable electricity tariffs as an incentive to shift their demand. Smart control of HVAC equipment with embedded model predictive control (MPC) can be used in that context. They have to be provided with dynamic building simulation models. This study provides typologies of Smart Grid Energy ready Buildings within the context of the Belgian building stock and the Belgian day-ahead electricity market. A typical new residential building is considered, equipped with an air-to-water heat pump that supplies either radiators or a floor heating system. Five heating control strategies are compared in terms of thermal comfort, energy use and flexibility, where the flexibility is quantified in terms of load volumes shifted and in terms of procurement costs avoided. The first three are rule-based control strategies, whereas the latter two are ‘smart-grid’ model predictive control strategies responding to a time-varying electricity price profile. The results show that the ‘smart-grid’ control strategies allow to reduce the procurement costs by 2 to 18% and increase the flexibility by 8 to 24% (volume shifted) with the same thermal comfort. The impact of building insulation level and thermal mass is also evaluated. The flexibility for load shifting is about 8 to 10% higher when shifting from a low-energy (K45) to a very-low-energy house (K30).

/pdf/smart-grid-energy-flexible-buildings-through-the-use-of-heat-3y6dqtq5at.pdf

Philippe Andre

Papers

Smart grid energy flexible buildings through the use of heat pumps and building thermal mass as energy storage in the Belgian context

Calibration of Building Energy Simulation Models Based on Optimization: A Case Study

Thermal Comfort and Visual Comfort in an Office Building Equipped with Smart Electrochromic Glazing: An Experimental Study

Evaluation of thermal comfort in an office building in the humid tropical climate of Benin

Smart Grid Energy Flexible Buildings through the use of Heat Pumps in the Belgian context