The theory of directed graphs has developed enormously over recent decades, yet this book (first published in 2000) remains the only book to cover more than a small fraction of the results. New research in the field has made a second edition a necessity. Substantially revised, reorganised and updated, the book now comprises eighteen chapters, carefully arranged in a straightforward and logical manner, with many new results and open problems. As well as covering the theoretical aspects of the subject, with detailed proofs of many important results, the authors present a number of algorithms, and whole chapters are devoted to topics such as branchings, feedback arc and vertex sets, connectivity augmentations, sparse subdigraphs with prescribed connectivity, and also packing, covering and decompositions of digraphs. Throughout the book, there is a strong focus on applications which include quantum mechanics, bioinformatics, embedded computing, and the travelling salesman problem. Detailed indices and topic-oriented chapters ease navigation, and more than 650 exercises, 170 figures and 150 open problems are included to help immerse the reader in all aspects of the subject. Digraphs is an essential, comprehensive reference for undergraduate and graduate students, and researchers in mathematics, operations research and computer science. It will also prove invaluable to specialists in related areas, such as meteorology, physics and computational biology.

Digraphs Theory Algorithms And Applications

This comprehensive textbook presents a clean and coherent account of most fundamental tools and techniques in Parameterized Algorithms and is a self-contained guide to the area. The book covers many of the recent developments of the field, including application of important separators, branching based on linear programming, Cut & Count to obtain faster algorithms on tree decompositions, algorithms based on representative families of matroids, and use of the Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis. A number of older results are revisited and explained in a modern and didactic way. The book provides a toolbox of algorithmic techniques. Part I is an overview of basic techniques, each chapter discussing a certain algorithmic paradigm. The material covered in this part can be used for an introductory course on fixed-parameter tractability. Part II discusses more advanced and specialized algorithmic ideas, bringing the reader to the cutting edge of current research. Part III presents complexity results and lower bounds, giving negative evidence by way of W[1]-hardness, the Exponential Time Hypothesis, and kernelization lower bounds. All the results and concepts are introduced at a level accessible to graduate students and advanced undergraduate students. Every chapter is accompanied by exercises, many with hints, while the bibliographic notes point to original publications and related work.

Parameterized Algorithms

A partial k -arboretum of graphs with bounded treewidth

コンピュータ・サイエンス : ACM computing surveys

Easy problems for tree-decomposable graphs

This paper describes a predicate calculus in which graph problems can be expressed. Any problem possessing such an expression can be solved in linear time on any recursively constructed graph, once its decomposition tree is known. Moreover, the linear-time algorithm can be generatedautomatically from the expression, because all our theorems are proved constructively. The calculus is founded upon a short list of particularly primitive predicates, which in turn are combined by fundamental logical operations. This framework is rich enough to include the vast majority of known linear-time solvable problems. We have obtained these results independently of similar results by Courcelle [11], [12], through utilization of the framework of Bernet al. [6]. We believe our formalism is more practical for programmers who would implement the automatic generation machinery, and more readily understood by many theorists.

Automatic generation of linear-time algorithms from predicate calculus descriptions of problems on recursively constructed graph families

Guaranteed performance heuristics for the bottleneck travelling salesman problem

Recently, much attention has been given to the solvability of (otherwise intractable) combinatorial optimization problems when instances are confined to series-parallel graphs. Substantially less is known, however, regarding those that remain hard on these particularly sparse structures. While a few ad hoc cases have been shown to be difficult, little appears to be known in terms of more generic settings. In this paper, we contend with this state of affairs by establishing that a class of Steiner subgraph-like problems are NP-complete on series-parallel graphs while remaining easy (even trivial) on trees.

On multiple steiner subgraph problems

The optimal linear arrangement problem: algorithms and approximation

Fast algorithms can be created for many graph problems when instances are confined to classes of graphs that are recursively constructed. This article first describes some basic conceptual notions regarding the design of such fast algorithms, and then the coverage proceeds through several recursive graph classes. Specific classes include trees, series-parallel graphs, k-terminal graphs, treewidth-k graphs, k-trees, partial k-trees, k-jackknife graphs, pathwidth-k graphs, bandwidth-k graphs, cutwidth-k graphs, branchwidth-k graphs, Halin graphs, cographs, cliquewidth-k graphs, k-NLC graphs, k-HB graphs, and rankwidth-k graphs. The definition of each class is provided. Typical algorithms are applied to solve problems on instances of most classes. Relationships between the classes are also discussed.

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R. Gary Parker

Papers

Automatic generation of linear-time algorithms from predicate calculus descriptions of problems on recursively constructed graph families

Guaranteed performance heuristics for the bottleneck travelling salesman problem

On multiple steiner subgraph problems

The optimal linear arrangement problem: algorithms and approximation

Solving problems on recursively constructed graphs