[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Heavy metals are natural constituents of the environment, but indiscriminate use for human purposes has altered their geochemical cycles and biochemical balance. This results in excess release of heavy metals such as cadmium, copper, lead, nickel, zinc etc. into natural resources like the soil and aquatic environments. Prolonged exposure and higher accumulation of such heavy metals can have deleterious health effects on human life and aquatic biota. The role of microorganisms and plants in biotransformation of heavy metals into nontoxic forms is well-documented, and understanding the molecular mechanism of metal accumulation has numerous biotechnological implications for bioremediation of metal-contaminated sites. In view of this, the present review investigates the abilities of microorganisms and plants in terms of tolerance and degradation of heavy metals. Also, advances in bioremediation technologies and strategies to explore these immense and valuable biological resources for bioremediation are discussed. An assessment of the current status of technology deployment and suggestions for future bioremediation research has also been included. Finally, there is a discussion of the genetic and molecular basis of metal tolerance in microbes, with special reference to the genomics of heavy metal accumulator plants and the identification of functional genes involved in tolerance and detoxification.

Bioremediation of Heavy Metals from Soil and Aquatic Environment: An Overview of Principles and Criteria of Fundamental Processes

A review on green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles – An eco-friendly approach

There are number of water purification techniques but the adsorption is one of the most simplest, effective and economical method for wastewater purification. In this article a large number of solid adsorbents such as Natural adsorbents, Agricultural Wastes, Industrial wastes, Biomass, Nanoadsorbents: Carbon based nanomaterials, Nobel metal based nanomaterials, Metal oxide based nanomaterials, Spinel ferrite based nanomaterials, Nanocomposites, Dendritic polymers; Geopolymer cement have been discussed for the removal of different pollutants from waste water. Removal of Fluoride, Phosphate, Nitrate and Radionuclides from wastewater has also been reviewed in this article. Adsorption isotherm models, kinetic models, thermodynamic parameters and adsorption mechanism have also been discussed. The present article lists different type of adsorbents and reviews state-of-the-art of the removal of different pollutants from water. The efforts have been made to discuss the sources of contamination and toxicities of pollutants. Adsorption mechanisms responsible for pollutants removal by different adsorbents have been reviewed. Attempts have also been made to point out the advantages and drawbacks of adsorbents and the future research needs in the area of water purification by adsorbents.

Water purification by using Adsorbents: A Review

Bacterial Exopolysaccharide mediated heavy metal removal: A Review on biosynthesis, mechanism and remediation strategies.

Packed bed column studies on Cd(II) removal from industrial wastewater by macrofungus Pleurotus platypus

Natural and synthetic polymer for graphene oxide mediated anticancer drug delivery-A comparative study.

The mechanism of Cd(II) uptake by the dead biomass of macrofungus Pleurotus platypus was investigated using di erent chemical and instrumental techniques. Sequential removal of cell wall components of the biosorbent revealed that structural polysaccharides play a predominant role in the biosorption of Cd(II). The adsorption kinetics fitted well with the pseudo second-order model suggested that the adsorption of Cd(II) on P. platypus involved a chemisorption process. Transmission electron microscopy of the cadmium exposed biomass confirmed the deposition of the metal mainly in the cell wall. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis of the metal loaded biosorbent confirmed the participation of ‐OH, ‐NH and C‐O‐C groups in the uptake of Cd(II). Energy dispersive X-ray analysis of the biosorbent before and after metal uptake revealed that the main mechanism of adsorption was ion-exchange. The e ectiveness of CaCl2 in the desorption of cadmium perhaps suggested the exchange of Ca 2+ with Cd(II).

http://www.jesc.ac.cn/jesc_en/ch/reader/create_pdf.aspx?file_no=2011230215

Mechanism of Cd(II) adsorption by macrofungus Pleurotus platypus

The effect of pretreatment on the Cd2+ biosorption capacity of mycelial biomass of Pleurotus florida was investigated. For this purpose, the biomass was subjected to physical treatments such as heat, autoclaving and freeze drying and chemical treatments using acids, alkali and organic solvents. All the pretreatment methods improved the biosorption of Cd2+ in comparison with live biomass of P. florida. Among physical treatments, freeze drying showed significant improvement in Cd2+ sorption capacity. Pretreatment of biomass with NaOH showed maximum cadmium biosorption followed by formaldehyde and methanol treatment.

/pdf/effect-of-pretreatment-on-cd-2-biosorption-by-mycelial-1tlymwe7kf.pdf

Effect of pretreatment on Cd 2+ biosorption by mycelial biomass of Pleurotus florida

Industrial effluents loaded with heavy metals are a cause of hazards to human and other forms of life. Conventional methods such as precipitation, evaporation, electroplating, ion exchange, membrane processes, etc. used for removal of heavy metals from waste water however, are often cost prohibitive having inadequate efficiencies at low metal ion concentrations. Biosorption can be considered as an alternative technology which has been proved as more efficient and economical for removal of heavy metals from the industrial waste water. The most frequently used biosorbents are bacteria, fungi, algae and yeasts. But more recently, low cost natural products have also been searched as biosorbent. This paper presents an overview of the potential use of some natural products as biosorbent which could serve as a cost effective means of treating effluents charged with toxic heavy metals.

http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/5657/1/NPR%207%282%29%20133-138.pdf

R. Vimala

Papers

Packed bed column studies on Cd(II) removal from industrial wastewater by macrofungus Pleurotus platypus

Natural and synthetic polymer for graphene oxide mediated anticancer drug delivery-A comparative study.

Mechanism of Cd(II) adsorption by macrofungus Pleurotus platypus

Effect of pretreatment on Cd 2+ biosorption by mycelial biomass of Pleurotus florida

Use of natural products as biosorbent of heavy metals ó An overview