Recent progress in the utilization of industrial waste and by‐products of citrus fruits: A review

A novel study on the effect lemon peel oil as a fuel in CRDI engine at various injection strategies

Emission reduction in CI engine using biofuel reformulation strategies through nano additives for atmospheric air quality improvement

Combustion characteristics of a diesel engine running with Mandarin essential oil -diesel mixtures and propanol additive under different exhaust gas recirculation: Experimental investigation and numerical simulation

\n Lemon peel oil (LPO) is a promising alternative biofuel for diesel engine applications due to its favorable physical and chemical properties. This study deals with combustion, vibration, and noise measurement for diesel engine powered with biofuel blend in the perspective of passenger comfort at engine idle condition. Experimentation is performed using a 20% blend of lemon peel oil with diesel (B20) according to central composite design (CCD) by varying pilot mass (PM), pilot injection timing (PIT), injection pressure, and engine speed (ES). Vibrations at engine crankcase, cylinder head were measured with a triaxial accelerometer along with noise measurement. The output responses for diesel and B20 were compared based on the output from response surface methodology (RSM). The study observed that predominant vibrations at the crankcase level along the lateral direction of the engine influenced by fuel injection pressure (FIP) and engine speed for both test fuels. Engine head vibrations were maximum along with the reciprocating motion of piston for both test fuels and found 7.43% more in case diesel. Engine noise is comparable from both test conditions irrespective of different influencing parameters. An increment of 1.662 J/deg in the heat release rate (HRR) of B20 is observed attributed to a longer ignition delay of B20 fuel. This study concludes that the lemon peel oil blend is compatible to use as an alternate biofuel in a diesel engine with suitable damping techniques for better passenger comfort.

Multi-Objective Optimization on Vibration and Noise Characteristics of Light Duty Biofuel Powered Engine at Idling Condition Using Response Surface Methodology

The demand for petroleum based fuel has grown in an extensive way because of the increasing industrialization and the growth in transportation sector. This growth has a direct effect on the economy and remains a monopoly in the fuel trade. Bio-fuels are available in a larger volume across the world due to the advantage that they can be directly blended with the petroleum fuels and the results obtained are better when compared to the standard values of neat diesel fuel. Such kind of bio-fuels can be extracted from lemon fruit and its availability is abundance across globe. This work aims in introducing a new bio-fuel called as Lemon Essential Oil (LEO) which can be obtained through steam distillation process of lemon rinds. A 20% LEO is blended with diesel (LEO20+ Diesel80) and it is fed as fuel to the engine. The various properties of LEO are examined and they are compared to mineral diesel. The experimental investigation revelaed that brake thermal efficiency of LEO20 is marginally higher than diesel at higher loads. Also significant reduction is observed for carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbon and smoke emissions. However, the oxides of nitrogen in LEO20 is comparatively higher than petroleum diesel at rated power output. Furthermore, the in-cylinder gas pressure of LEO20 is followed the similar trend with diesel fuel. In addition, higher heat release rate is also observed for LEO20 from the tested results. Hence, the present research work is showed that the 20% of Lemon Essential Oil could be partial substitute for conventional diesel engine in near future.

https://ijrer.com/index.php/ijrer/article/download/4920/pdf

Rahul krishnan S

Papers

Lemon Essential Oil – A Partial Substitute for Petroleum Diesel Fuel in Compression Ignition Engine