4.3. Reaction Mechanism 2373 4.4. Asymmetric Synthesis 2374 4.5. Outlook 2374 5. Alternating Polymerization of Oxiranes and CO2 2374 5.1. Reaction Outlines 2374 5.2. Catalyst 2376 5.3. Asymmetric Polymerization 2377 5.4. Immobilized Catalysts 2377 6. Synthesis of Urea and Urethane Derivatives 2378 7. Synthesis of Carboxylic Acid 2379 8. Synthesis of Esters and Lactones 2380 9. Synthesis of Isocyanates 2382 10. Hydrogenation and Hydroformylation, and Alcohol Homologation 2382

Transformation of carbon dioxide.

Mesoporous organic-inorganic hybrid materials, a new class of materials characterized by large specific surface areas and pore sizes between 2 and 15 nm, have been obtained through the coupling of inorganic and organic components by template synthesis. The incorporation of functionalities can be achieved in three ways: by subsequent attachment of organic components onto a pure silica matrix (grafting), by simultaneous reaction of condensable inorganic silica species and silylated organic compounds (co-condensation, one-pot synthesis), and by the use of bissilylated organic precursors that lead to periodic mesoporous organosilicas (PMOs). This Review gives an overview of the preparation, properties, and potential applications of these materials in the areas of catalysis, sorption, chromatography, and the construction of systems for controlled release of active compounds, as well as molecular switches, with the main focus being on PMOs.

Silica-based mesoporous organic-inorganic hybrid materials.

Ordered mesoporous materials in catalysis

Stereoselective organic reactions in water.

The need to reduce the accumulation of CO2 into the atmosphere requires new technologies able to reduce the CO2 emission. The utilization of CO2 as a building block may represent an interesting approach to synthetic methodologies less intensive in carbon and energy. In this paper the general properties of carbon dioxide and its interaction with metal centres is first considered. The potential of carbon dioxide as a raw material in the synthesis of chemicals such as carboxylates, carbonates, carbamates is then discussed. The utilization of CO2 as source of carbon for the synthesis of fuels or other C1 molecules such as formic acid and methanol is also described and the conditions for its implementation are outlined. A comparison of chemical and biotechnological conversion routes of CO2 is made and the barriers to their exploitation are highlighted.

Utilisation of CO2 as a chemical feedstock: opportunities and challenges

Clean synthesis in water. Part 2: Uncatalysed condensation reaction of Meldrum's acid and aldehydes

Update 1 of: Use of Solid Catalysts in Friedel Crafts Acylation Reactions Giovanni Sartori* and Raimondo Maggi Clean Synthetic Methodologies Group and National Interuniversity Consortium “Chemistry for Environment” (INCA), Unit PR2, Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Universit a degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17A, I-43100 Parma, Italy This is a Chemical Reviews Perennial Review. The root paper of this title was published in Chem. Rev. 2006, 106 (3), 1077 1104, DOI: 10.1021/cr040695c; Published (Web) February 14, 2006. Updates to the text appear in red type.

Update 1 of: Use of Solid Catalysts in Friedel−Crafts Acylation Reactions

Immobilization of (n-Bu4N)4W10O32 on mesoporous MCM-41 and amorphous silicas for photocatalytic oxidation of cycloalkanes with molecular oxygen

Catalytic activity of aminopropyl xerogels in the selective synthesis of (E)-nitrostyrenes from nitroalkanes and aromatic aldehydes

A green, efficient and selective approach for the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides and sulfones with stoichiometric amount of 30% aq. H 2 O 2 is reported. The reaction is performed in methanol with silica-vanadia as heterogeneous and reusable catalyst.

Raimondo Maggi

Papers

Clean synthesis in water. Part 2: Uncatalysed condensation reaction of Meldrum's acid and aldehydes

Update 1 of: Use of Solid Catalysts in Friedel−Crafts Acylation Reactions

Immobilization of (n-Bu4N)4W10O32 on mesoporous MCM-41 and amorphous silicas for photocatalytic oxidation of cycloalkanes with molecular oxygen

Catalytic activity of aminopropyl xerogels in the selective synthesis of (E)-nitrostyrenes from nitroalkanes and aromatic aldehydes

Selective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides and sulfones using 30% aqueous hydrogen peroxide and silica-vanadia catalyst