Metal-organic framework-enabled pesticides are an emerging tool for sustainable cleaner production and environmental hazard reduction

This review is based on the Theophilus Redwood Medal and Award lectures, delivered to Royal Society of Chemistry meetings in the UK and Ireland in 2012, and presents a personal overview of the field of biosensors. The biosensors industry is now worth billions of United States dollars, the topic attracts the attention of national initiatives across the world and tens of thousands of papers have been published in the area. This plethora of information is condensed into a concise account of the key achievements to date. The reasons for success are examined, some of the more exciting emerging technologies are highlighted and the author speculates on the importance of biosensors as a ubiquitous technology of the future for health and the maintenance of wellbeing.

Biosensors: Sense and Sensibility

This review tries to summarize the purpose of steadily developing surface-functionalized nanoparticles for various bio-applications and represents a fascinating and rapidly growing field of research. Due to their unique properties—such as novel optical, biodegradable, low-toxicity, biocompatibility, size, and highly catalytic features—these materials are considered superior, and it is thus vital to study these systems in a realistic and meaningful way. However, rapid aggregation, oxidation, and other problems are encountered with functionalized nanoparticles, inhibiting their subsequent utilization. Adequate surface modification of nanoparticles with organic and inorganic compounds results in improved physicochemical properties which can overcome these barriers. This review investigates and discusses the iron oxide nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, platinum nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, and silica-coated nanoparticles and how their unique properties after fabrication allow for their potential use in a wide range of bio-applications such as nano-based imaging, gene delivery, drug loading, and immunoassays. The different groups of nanoparticles and the advantages of surface functionalization and their applications are highlighted here. In recent years, surface-functionalized nanoparticles have become important materials for a broad range of bio-applications.

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Unique Properties of Surface-Functionalized Nanoparticles for Bio-Application: Functionalization Mechanisms and Importance in Application

Exposure science is fundamental to the field of occupational safety and health. The measurement of worker exposures to hazardous agents informs effective workplace risk mitigation strategies. The modern era of occupational exposure measurement began with the invention of the personal sampling device, which is still widely used today in the practice of occupational hygiene. Newer direct-reading sensor devices are incorporating recent advances in transducers, nanomaterials, electronics miniaturization, portability, batteries with high-power density, wireless communication, energy-efficient microprocessing, and display technology to usher in a new era in exposure science. Commercial applications of new sensor technologies have led to a variety of health and lifestyle management devices for everyday life. These applications are also being investigated as tools to measure occupational and environmental exposures. As the next-generation placeable, wearable, and implantable sensor technologies move from the research laboratory to the workplace, their role in the future of work will be of increasing importance to employers, workers, and occupational safety and health researchers and practitioners. This commentary discusses some of the benefits and challenges of placeable, wearable, and implantable sensor technologies in the future of work.

Advanced sensor technologies and the future of work

Self-assembly offers unique possibilities for fabricating nanostructures, with different morphologies and properties, typically from vapour or liquid phase precursors. Molecular units, nanoparticles, biological molecules and other discrete elements can spontaneously organise or form via interactions at the nanoscale. Currently, nanoscale self-assembly finds applications in a wide variety of areas including carbon nanomaterials and semiconductor nanowires, semiconductor heterojunctions and superlattices, the deposition of quantum dots, drug delivery, such as mRNA-based vaccines, and modern integrated circuits and nanoelectronics, to name a few. Recent advancements in drug delivery, silicon nanoelectronics, lasers and nanotechnology in general, owing to nanoscale self-assembly, coupled with its versatility, simplicity and scalability, have highlighted its importance and potential for fabricating more complex nanostructures with advanced functionalities in the future. This review aims to provide readers with concise information about the basic concepts of nanoscale self-assembly, its applications to date, and future outlook. First, an overview of various self-assembly techniques such as vapour deposition, colloidal growth, molecular self-assembly and directed self-assembly/hybrid approaches are discussed. Applications in diverse fields involving specific examples of nanoscale self-assembly then highlight the state of the art and finally, the future outlook for nanoscale self-assembly and potential for more complex nanomaterial assemblies in the future as technological functionality increases. 

Nanoscale self-assembly: concepts, applications and challenges

Of late, biosensing is receiving mounting expectations due to a pressing need for swift and accurate stimulus detection. Sensing via biological moieties has outmoded conventional diagnosis vis-a-vis processing time, skilled manpower and detection accuracy. Screening optimal analyte-stimulus interaction remains crux of biosensing, wherein surface engineering remains vital. The nanomaterials have impelled biological sensing accuracy and robustness comprising tunable electrochemical and physico-mechanical responses, thanks to their versatile shape and size dependent physical and chemical attributes. Closer energy levels with quantum mechanical feasibility distinguish nanomaterials from bulk counterparts for an accurate tracking of interacting coordinates. Till date, the most widely used nanomaterials for biosensing include Au nanoparticles, graphene based assemblies, carbon nanotubes and magnetic nanoparticles. Steadfast preparation mechanisms and stout surface engineering are the driving forces for a biosensing suitability of these entities. With such intent, this article sheds light on recent advances of NMs driven biosensing phenomenon, emphasizing the healthcare perspective.

Emerging nanomaterials for improved biosensing

Herein, we report metal–organic ionic frameworks (MOIFs; an ionic product of an anionic complex and an organic cationic head group) for the adsorption of toxic organic pollutants and as a self-rota...

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsomega.0c04896

[Fe(CN)5NO]2--Based MOIFs for Adsorption of Organic Pollutants and as a Self-Rotatory Motor.

λ-shaped to T-shaped azo diester mesogens having methyl (–CH3)/methoxy(–OCH3) terminal substituents with trisubstituted benzene

Molecular modelling, thermal, adsorption and biological studies of conjugate Cu2+-BSA nanoparticles

This chapter embraces the applications of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) used for different kinds of reactions in chemistry These entities belong to a class where organic and inorganic are combined to generate hybrid materials having crystalline porous structure, well-defined geometry for various catalytical and industrial applications Such materials are simply recyclable and reusable for required times like a reaction flask for concurrent trials Distinctive defining attributes of MOFs include their tunable size, catalytic centers with open as well as bifunctional acidic and basic metallic sites, large surface area, adjustable structure, and high porosity and periodic order Apart from this, these materials are allowed to do variations in their scopes and features by not doing any alteration in topology This feature enhances their applicability in the field of redesigning molecules having greater absorbency with smaller density Such materials also possess unique thermal and chemical stability that makes them amenable for functionalized synthetic inorganic–organic hybrids The high surface area and remarkable structural flexibility of these hybrid materials make them promising candidates for gas storage, separation, activation of hydrogen, methane, and water-like molecules, monitoring the catalytically process of organic synthesis, drug delivery, biomedical imaging, as well as ionic conduction In this chapter, we present an account of such materials’ applicability in various chemical reactions

Rakesh Kumar Ameta

Papers

Emerging nanomaterials for improved biosensing

[Fe(CN)5NO]2--Based MOIFs for Adsorption of Organic Pollutants and as a Self-Rotatory Motor.

λ-shaped to T-shaped azo diester mesogens having methyl (–CH3)/methoxy(–OCH3) terminal substituents with trisubstituted benzene

Molecular modelling, thermal, adsorption and biological studies of conjugate Cu2+-BSA nanoparticles

Metal-organic frameworks as chemical reaction flask