Politics Among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace

Este articulo es, a dia de hoy, una de las piezas clasicas y fundamentales para la posibilidad de estudiar las relaciones globales de poder a partir de las herramientas conceptuales desarrolladas por Gramsci a lo largo de su obra. Cox, contribuye de esta forma a las corrientes criticas de las Relaciones Internacionales al discutir varios conceptos gramscianos y cuales serian las implicaciones para estudiar las relaciones internacionales en distintos periodos de hegemonia y contrahegemonia. De igual forma, el autor planteo la cuestion –en su momento novedosa– de la relevancia de tomar en cuenta los procesos internos de construccion de bloques historicos contrahegemonicos como aquellos que podrian tener un efecto revolucionario en las estructuras y organizaciones internacionales, asi como ruptura con la hegemonia plasmada como una clase perteneciente a un orden economico universal transnacional.  This article is a classic and fundamental for approaching global power relations with the conceptual tools developed by Gramsci. Cox contributes to critical thought in International Relations by discussing various gramscian concepts and what their implications are for the study of different historical forms of hegemony and counter-hegemony. Also, the author draws our attention –novel at the time of its publicaction– to the relevance of taking into account the construction of domestic counter-hegemonic historic blocs. He suggests that these could have a revolutionary effect on international structures and organizations, as well as rupture with the hegemony performed by the transnational economic order.

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Gramsci, hegemonía y relaciones internacionales: Un ensayo sobre el método | Gramsci, Hegemony and International Relations: An Essay in Method

of distinguished and rather senior economists – makes at the end of the book. Their priorities tend to be quick-fixes of problems that might, at least partly, be caused by some other challenge. More importantly, the panellists tend to disregard some of the evidence assembled by the authors. The reactions to the excellent chapter on armed conflict by Collier & Hoeffler illustrate that Nobel awards are no protection against bias. One member of the panel dismisses the economic sources of war that the Oxford economists analyse and points out that free trade is the main pacifying force, while another famous panellist mentions ethnic or religious hatred as a source of conflict. Gerald Schneider

At War’s End: Building Peace After Civil Conflict:

The rise of 'the rest' : Challenges to the west from late-industrializing economies.

Human Development Report 2007/2008: fighting climate change: human solidarity in a divided world

Ending humanitarian atrocities has become as important for the United Nations as preventing interstate war. This book examines the transformation of UN operations, analysing its changing role and structure. Ramesh Thakur asks why, when and how force may be used, and argues that the growing gulf between legality and legitimacy is evidence of an eroded sense of international community. He considers the tension between the United States, with its capacity to use force and project power, and the United Nations, as the centre of the international law enforcement system. He asserts the central importance of the rule of law and a rules-based order focused on the United Nations as the foundation of a civilised system of international relations. This book will be of interest to students of the United Nations and international organisations in politics, law and international relations departments, as well as policymakers in governmental and non-governmental international organisations.

The United Nations, Peace and Security: From Collective Security to the Responsibility to Protect

In the wealth of literature on state failure, surprisingly little attention has been paid to the question of what constitutes state success and what enables a state to succeed. This book - a joint project of the International Peace Academy and the United Nations University - examines the strategies and tactics of international actors, local political elites, and civil society groups, to build or rebuild public institutions before they reach the point of failure: to make the state work. It is frequently assumed that the collapse of state structures, whether through defeat by an external power or as a result of internal chaos, leads to a vacuum of political power. This is rarely the case. The mechanisms through which political power are exercised may be less formalized or consistent, but basic questions of how best to ensure the physical and economic security of oneself and one's dependants do not simply disappear when the institutions of the state break down. Non-state actors in such situations may exercise varying degrees of political power over local populations, at times providing basic social services from education to medical care. Even where non-state actors exist as parasites on local populations, political life goes on. How to engage in such an environment is a particular problem for policymakers in intergovernmental organizations and donor governments. But it poses far greater difficulties for the embattled state institutions and the populations of such territories. Making States Work examines how these various actors have responded to crises in the legitimacy and viability of state institutions, with a particular emphasis on those situations in which the state has been salvaged or at least kept afloat.

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID989281_code244368.pdf?abstractid=989281&rulid=5442127&mirid=1

Making States Work: State Failure and the Crisis of Governance (Introduction & Conclusion)

PART I: SETTING THE SCENE PART II: THE MAIN ACTORS PART III: MODES OF PRACTICE PART IV: TOOLS AND INSTRUMENTS PART V: ISSUE AREAS PART VI: CASE STUDIES

The Oxford handbook of modern diplomacy

List of Boxes, Tables, and Figures Series Editors' Foreword Louis Emmerij, Richard Jolly, and Thomas G. Weiss Foreword John Gerard Ruggie Acknowledgments Abbreviations Introduction: The Problematique of Global Governance 1. Tracing the Origins of an Idea and the UN's Contribution Part 1. International Security 2. The Use of Force: War, Collective Security, and Peace Operations 3. Arms Control and Disarmament 4. Terrorism Part 2. Development 5. Trade, Aid, and Finance 6. Sustainable Development 7. Saving the Environment: The Ozone Layer and Climate Change Part 3. Human Rights 8. Generations of Rights 9. Protecting against Pandemics 10. The Responsibility to Protect Notes Index About the Authors About the United Nations Intellectual History Project

Global Governance and the UN: An Unfinished Journey

The use of force� /no matter how benevolent, enlightened, or impartial in intent� /has dramatic consequences. It shapes the struggle for power and helps to determine the outcome of political contests, which is why it is inherently controversial. It is why international debates about Libya� /the first road test of the Responsibility to Protect’s (R2P) coercive element (also known as Pillar Three)� /were understandably contentious. Pillar Three is defined as ‘‘the responsibility of Member States to respond collectively in a timely and decisive manner when a State is manifestly failing to provide ... / protection.’’ 1 While peaceful means of response are primarily preferred, should that prove inadequate to ensure protection, the international community should use more robust action: ‘‘no strategy for fulfilling the responsibility to protect would be complete without the possibility of collective enforcement measures, including through sanctions or coercive military action in extreme cases.’’ 2

Ramesh Thakur

Papers

The United Nations, Peace and Security: From Collective Security to the Responsibility to Protect

Making States Work: State Failure and the Crisis of Governance (Introduction & Conclusion)

The Oxford handbook of modern diplomacy

Global Governance and the UN: An Unfinished Journey

R2P after Libya and Syria: Engaging Emerging Powers