Showing papers by "Renata Cifkova published in 2012"

European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012): the Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts).

Abstract: European Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (version 2012) : the Fifth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts)

European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (Version 2012)

Abstract: Developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation (EACPR)y Authors/Task Force Members: Joep Perk (Chairperson) (Sweden)*, Guy De Backer (Belgium), Helmut Gohlke (Germany), Ian Graham (Ireland), Željko Reiner (Croatia), WM Monique Verschuren (The Netherlands), Christian Albus (Germany), Pascale Benlian (France), Gudrun Boysen (Denmark), Renata Cifkova (Czech Republic), Christi Deaton (UK), Shah Ebrahim (UK), Miles Fisher (UK), Giuseppe Germano (Italy), Richard Hobbs (UK), Arno Hoes (The Netherlands), Sehnaz Karadeniz (Turkey), Alessandro Mezzani (Italy), Eva Prescott (Denmark), Lars Ryden (Sweden), Martin Scherer (Germany), Mikko Syvänne (Finland), Wilma JM Scholte Op Reimer (The Netherlands), Christiaan Vrints (Belgium), David Wood (UK), Jose Luis Zamorano (Spain), Faiez Zannad (France).

Hypertension and atrial fibrillation: diagnostic approach, prevention and treatment. Position paper of the Working Group "Hypertension Arrhythmias and Thrombosis" of the European Society of Hypertension

Abstract: Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular disorder and atrial fibrillation is the most common clinically significant arrhythmia. Both these conditions frequently coexist and their prevalence increases rapidly with aging. There are different risk factors and clinical conditions predisposing to the development of atrial fibrillation, but due its high prevalence, hypertension is still the main risk factor for the development of atrial fibrillation. Several pathophysiologic mechanisms (such as structural changes, neurohormonal activation, fibrosis, atherosclerosis, etc.) have been advocated to explain the onset of atrial fibrillation. The presence of atrial fibrillation per se increases the risk of stroke but its coexistence with high blood pressure leads to an abrupt increase of cardiovascular complications. Different risk models are available for the risk stratification and the prevention of thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation. In all of them hypertension is present and is an important risk factor. Antihypertensive treatment may contribute to reduce this risk, and it seems some classes are superior to others in the prevention of new-onset atrial fibrillation and prevention of stroke. Antithrombotic treatment with warfarin is effective in the prevention of thromboembolic events, although quite recently, new classes of anticoagulants that do not require international normalized ratio monitoring have been introduced with promising results.

The association between low 25-hydroxyvitamin D and increased aortic stiffness.

Abstract: There is accumulating evidence that vitamin D exerts important pathophysiological effects on cardiovascular system. Low vitamin D was associated with increased cardiovascular risk in several reports. We studied the association between vitamin D and arterial stiffness in a random sample of 560 subjects selected from general population. Arterial stiffness was measured as aortic pulse-wave velocity (PWV) using Sphygmocor device. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured using commercial kits. We found a clear negative trend in aortic PWV among 25(OH)D quartiles. Subjects in the bottom 25(OH)D quartile (<20 ng ml−1) showed the highest aortic PWV (9.04 m s−1), compared with 2nd–4th quartile (8.07 m s−1, 7.93 m s−1 and 7.70 m s−1, respectively; P for trend <0.0001). The association between 25(OH)D and aortic PWV remained significant after adjustment for age, gender and other potential confounders; subjects in the first 25(OH)D quartile had adjusted odds ratio 2.04 (1.26–3.30) for having aortic PWV ⩾9 m s−1 (top quartile) in multiple regression. In conclusion, we found a clear significant and independent negative association between 25(OH)D and aortic PWV. Subjects with lowest vitamin D status showed the highest arterial stiffness.

Relation of central and brachial blood pressure to left ventricular hypertrophy. The Czech Post-MONICA Study.

Abstract: Central blood pressure (BP) has been shown to be a better predictor of target organ damage and cardiovascular events than brachial BP. Whether central BP is a better predictor of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) determined by electrocardiography (ECG) is not known. Radial applanation tonometry and ECG were performed in 728 subjects from the Czech Post-MONICA Study (a randomly selected 1% population sample). LVH was determined using the Sokolow–Lyon index and Cornell product; central pressure was derived from radial pulse. Of 657 subjects included in the analysis, 17 (9.4%) below 45 years and 43 (9%) over 45 years had LVH. In multiple linear regression analysis, the Sokolow–Lyon index in younger individuals was only associated with male sex and low BMI, with no association with BP found. In older individuals, LVH was associated with higher central and brachial BP. In separate binary logistic regression analyses adjusted for covariates, the odds ratio for central systolic pressure was higher than those for brachial systolic and pulse pressure in LVH prediction. Noninvasively determined central pressure in subjects over 45 years is more strongly related to ECG LVH than brachial pressure. This further supports a closer association of central pressure with target organ damage. Voltage criteria of LVH are not independently associated with central or brachial BP in younger individuals.

Guía de práctica clínica de la ESC para el tratamiento de las enfermedades cardiovasculares durante el embarazo

Abstract: Autores/Miembros del Grupo de Trabajo: Vera Regitz-Zagrosek (Presidente) (Alemania) *, Carina Blomstrom Lundqvist (Suecia), Claudio Borghi (Italia), Renata Cifkova (Republica Checa), Rafael Ferreira (Portugal), Jean-Michel Foidart a (Belgica), J. Simon R. Gibbs (Reino Unido), Christa Gohlke-Baerwolf (Alemania), Bulent Gorenek (Turquia), Bernard Iung (Francia), Mike Kirby (Reino Unido), Angela H.E.M de Maas (Paises Bajos), Joao Morais (Portugal), Petros Nihoyannopoulos (Reino Unido), Petronella G. Pieper (Paises Bajos), Patrizia Presbitero (Italia), Jolien W. Roos-Hesselink (Paises Bajos), Maria Schaufelberger (Suecia), Ute Seeland (Alemania) y Lucia Torracca (Italia)

Carotid intima-media thickness in young survivors of acute myocardial infarction

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is considered to be a useful surrogate marker of coronary atherosclerosis. However, it is unclear whether this applies to young patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), in whom most cases are attributable to the destabilization of focal atheroma.

The Czech ABI Project - prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in patients at risk using the ankle-brachial index in general practice (a cross-sectional study).

Abstract: OBJECTIVES It has been demonstrated that the deleterious effect of smoking on the cardiovascular system is mediated through a decrease in protective HDL cholesterol. In addition, women are more sensitive to the negative effects of smoking, although the exact mechanism underlying this phenomenon is currently unknown. In this study, we evaluated whether smoking habits could modify the association of HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) with reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), as measured by cholesterol efflux (CHE), in middle-aged women. DESIGN The study group consisted of 39 healthy middle-aged women, 21 non-smokers (age 51.8±2.5 years, BMI 25.1±2.8 kg/m2) and 18 smokers (age 50.5±3.2 years, BMI 24.8±3.5 kg/m2). In addition to all traditional cardiovascular risk factors, CHE from macrophages, labelled during a 48-hour incubation in a medium containing [14C] cholesterol, to plasma acceptors in study subjects was established as a marker of reverse cholesterol transport. RESULTS CHE was significantly higher in non-smokers than in smokers (14.22±1.75% vs. 13.17±1.33%; p<0.05). Smoking habit had no effect on the association of HDL with ApoA1 or HDL with CHE. However, in contrast to the strong association of ApoA1 with CHE in non-smokers (r=0.62; p<0.01), no such strong association was found in smokers (r=0.38; n.s.). MAIN FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION Based on our results, smoking can alter ApoA1-mediated reverse cholesterol transport in women.

Assessment of Total Cardiovascular Risk in Hypertension: The Role of Subclinical Organ Damage

Abstract: The estimation of total cardiovascular risk is essential for guiding the management of hypertension. Computerized methods have been developed for estimating total cardiovascular risk (i.e., the likelihood of developing a cardiovascular event, usually within the ensuing 10 years), most of which are based either on the Framingham risk score or the European Systemic Coronary Risk Evaluation project. The 2007 European Society of Hypertension–European Society of Cardiology guidelines suggest subclinical organ damage as an integral part of the risk stratification and evaluation of hypertensive patients. Subclinical organ damage is considered an intermediate stage in the continuum of vascular disease and a determinant of overall cardiovascular risk. The search for subclinical organ damage should be performed carefully using the appropriate techniques depending on the availability and resources. Electrocardiography and evaluation of urinary albumin excretion should be part of the routine assessment of hypertensive patients. Subclinical organ damage should be also measured during treatment because there is evidence that regression of left ventricular hypertrophy and reduction of proteinuria are associated with improved prognosis. The search for subclinical organ damage should be made simultaneously in various organs because multiorgan subclinical organ damage is associated with a worse prognosis.).