THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY: The Biochemical Behavior of LeadL I. Influence of Calcium, Phosphorus, and Vitamin D on Lead in Blood and Bone

Clinica Chimica Acta

Identification of suspects via fingermark analysis is one of the mainstays of forensic science. The success in matching fingermarks, using conventional fingermark scanning and database searching, strongly relies on the enhancement method adopted for fingermark recovery; this in turn depends on the components present in the fingermarks, which will change over time. This work aims to develop a robust methodology for improved analytical detection of the fingermark components. For the first time, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) has been used to image endogenous lipids from fresh and aged, groomed and ungroomed fingermarks. The methodology was initially developed using oleic acid which was detected along with its degradation products over a 7-day period, at three different temperatures in a time-course experiment. The optimised methodology was then transferred to the imaging analysis of real fingermark samples. Fingermark patterns were reconstructed by retrieving the m/z values of oleic acid and its degradation products. This allowed the three aged fingermarks to be distinguished. In order to prove that MALDI-MSI can be used in a non-destructive way, a simple washing protocol was adopted which returned a fingermark that could be further investigated with classical forensic approaches. The work reported here proves the potential and the feasibility of MALDI-MSI for the forensic analysis of fingermarks, thus making it competitive with other MSI techniques such as desorption electrospray ionisation (DESI)-MS. The feasibility of using MALDI-MSI in fingermark ageing studies is also demonstrated along with the potential to be integrated into routine fingermark forensic analysis.

Study of latent fingermarks by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry imaging of endogenous lipids.

This review presents an overview on the application of latent fingerprint development techniques in forensic sciences. At present, traditional developing methods such as powder dusting, cyanoacrylate fuming, chemical method, and small particle reagent method, have all been gradually compromised given their emerging drawbacks such as low contrast, sensitivity, and selectivity, as well as high toxicity. Recently, much attention has been paid to the use of fluorescent nanomaterials including quantum dots (QDs) and rare earth upconversion fluorescent nanomaterials (UCNMs) due to their unique optical and chemical properties. Thus, this review lays emphasis on latent fingerprint development based on QDs and UCNMs. Compared to latent fingerprint development by traditional methods, the new methods using fluorescent nanomaterials can achieve high contrast, sensitivity, and selectivity while showing reduced toxicity. Overall, this review provides a systematic overview on such methods.

Fluorescent Nanomaterials for the Development of Latent Fingerprints in Forensic Sciences

In the present overview, we describe the bases of intercalation of small molecules (cationic and polar neutral compounds) in DNA. We briefly describe the importance of DNA structure and principles of intercalation. Selected syntheses, possibilities and applications are shown to exemplify the importance, drawbacks and challenges in this pertinent, new, and exciting research area. Additionally, some clinical applications (molecular processes, cancer therapy and others) and trends are described.

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Recent developments in the chemistry of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) intercalators: principles, design, synthesis, applications and trends.

The detection of latent fingermarks on porous surfaces using amino acid sensitive reagents: a review.

Lawsone: a novel reagent for the detection of latent fingermarks on paper surfaces

Substituted naphthoquinones as novel amino acid sensitive reagents for the detection of latent fingermarks on paper surfaces.

Lawsone (I): A Novel Reagent for the Detection of Latent Fingermarks on Paper Surfaces.

This is the first report of 6-(N,N-dimethylamino)fulvene (DMAF) as a reagent for the detection of latent fingermarks on porous surfaces. Through observation of undergraduate students showing poor laboratory hygiene, we noted that exposure to DMAF leads to brown staining on the students’ skin. Subsequently we found that it can develop latent fingermarks on paper surfaces as pale pink impressions, which are luminescent when illuminated at 505 nm and viewed through orange goggles. Unfortunately the technique does not perform as well as currently available approaches, however it may be useful as “lead” compound for the synthesis of non-ninhydrin based fingermark reagents.

Renee Jelly

Papers

The detection of latent fingermarks on porous surfaces using amino acid sensitive reagents: a review.

Lawsone: a novel reagent for the detection of latent fingermarks on paper surfaces

Substituted naphthoquinones as novel amino acid sensitive reagents for the detection of latent fingermarks on paper surfaces.

Lawsone (I): A Novel Reagent for the Detection of Latent Fingermarks on Paper Surfaces.

Negative Result: 6-(N,N)-(Dimethylamino)fulvene as a reagent for the detection of latent fingermarks on paper surfaces