Drag coefficient and terminal velocity of spherical and nonspherical particles

Discrete particle simulation of particulate systems: A review of major applications and findings

Preface 1.General Considerations 2.Basic Processes in Atomization 3.Drop Size Distributions of Sprays 4.Atomizers 5.Flow in Atomizers 6.Atomizer Performance 7.External Spray Charcteristics 8.Drop Evaporation 9.Drop Sizing Methods Index

Atomization and Sprays

http://seniordesign.engr.uidaho.edu/2007_2008/frenchfryfuel/Biodiesel%20fro%20WVO%202.pdf

Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil: 2. Economic assessment and sensitivity analysis.

This study describes the development and validation of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methodology for the simulation of dispersed two-phase flows. A two-fluid (Euler-Euler) methodology previously developed at Imperial College is adapted to high phase fractions. It employs averaged mass and momentum conservation equations to describe the time-dependent motion of both phases and, due to the averaging process, requires additional models for the inter-phase momentum transfer and turbulence for closure. The continuous phase turbulence is represented using a two-equation k − ε−turbulence model which contains additional terms to account for the effects of the dispersed on the continuous phase turbulence. The Reynolds stresses of the dispersed phase are calculated by relating them to those of the continuous phase through a turbulence response function. The inter-phase momentum transfer is determined from the instantaneous forces acting on the dispersed phase, comprising drag, lift and virtual mass. These forces are phase fraction dependent and in this work revised modelling is put forward in order to capture the phase fraction dependency of drag and lift. Furthermore, a correlation for the effect of the phase fraction on the turbulence response function is proposed. The revised modelling is based on an extensive survey of the existing literature. The conservation equations are discretised using the finite-volume method and solved in a solution procedure, which is loosely based on the PISO algorithm, adapted to the solution of the two-fluid model. Special techniques are employed to ensure the stability of the procedure when the phase fraction is high or changing rapidely. Finally, assessment of the methodology is made with reference to experimental data for gas-liquid bubbly flow in a sudden enlargement of a circular pipe and in a plane mixing layer. Additionally, Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) are performed using an interface-capturing methodology in order to gain insight into the dynamics of free rising bubbles, with a view towards use in the longer term as an aid in the development of inter-phase momentum transfer models for the two-fluid methodology. The direct numerical simulation employs the mass and momentum conservation equations in their unaveraged form and the topology of the interface between the two phases is determined as part of the solution. A novel solution procedure, similar to that used for the two-fluid model, is used for the interface-capturing methodology, which allows calculation of air bubbles in water. Two situations are investigated: bubbles rising in a stagnant liquid and in a shear flow. Again, experimental data are used to verify the computational results.

Computational fluid dynamics of dispersed two-phase flows at high phase fractions

1 Essential Flow Diagrams for Understanding Processes I ENGINEERING ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CHEMICAL PROCESSES 2 Estimation of Capital Costs 3 Estimation of Manufacturing Costs 4 Engineering Economic Analysis 5 Profitability Analysis II TECHNICAL ANALYSIS OF A CHEMICAL PROCESS 6 Structure of Chemical Process Flow Diagrams 7 Tracing Chemicals Through the Process Flow Diagram 8 Understanding Process Conditions 9 Utilizing Experience-Based Principles to Confirm the Suitability of a Process Design III ANALYSIS OF SYSTEM PERFORMANCE 10 Process Input/Output Models 11 Tools for Evaluating System Performance 12 Performance Curves for Individual Unit Operations 13 Performance of Multiple Unit Operations 14 Reactor Performance 15 Regulating Process Conditions 16 Process Troubleshooting and Debottlenecking IV SYNTHESIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF A PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM 17 Synthesis of the PFD from the Generic BFD 18 Synthesis of a Process Using a Simulator and Simulator Troubleshooting 19 Process Optimization V THE PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER, THE ENVIRONMENT, AND COMMUNICATIONS 20 Ethics and Professionalism 21 Health, Safety, and the Environment 22 Written and Oral Communications 23 A Report Writing Case Study APPENDICES Appendix A Cost Equations and Curves for the CAPCOSTA(c) Program Appendix B Information for the Preliminary Design of Four Chemical Processes Appendix C Design Projects Index

Analysis, Synthesis and Design of Chemical Processes

A short note on the drag correlation for spheres

Chord length distributions related to bubble size distributions in multiphase flows

As with any well-founded engineering program, the goal of the holistic curriculum is to prepare students to embark on a career in which their success is conditional on life-long learning, critical thinking and decision making, teamwork, leadership, and commitment. Rather than assuming that these qualities will be instilled in our students as they travel through a well-crafted sequence of challenging engineering courses, the faculty explicitly demands that these objectives be met by collaborating on courses, through coordinated design projects among as many as eight different courses and six different professors, and by continual assessment and improvement. Students are encouraged and required to teach other students concepts that they have mastered. While we are constantly changing, this culture existed in our department before any of the present faculty arrived, and we believe that it can be created in other departments.

Richard Turton

Papers

Analysis, Synthesis and Design of Chemical Processes

A short note on the drag correlation for spheres

Chord length distributions related to bubble size distributions in multiphase flows

The Holistic Curriculum

Challenges in the modeling and prediction of coating of pharmaceutical dosage forms