Showing papers by "Rick Trebino published in 2012"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors simulate multishot intensity and phase measurements of unstable trains of complex ultrashort pulses using second-harmonic-generation (SHG) frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) and spectral-phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction (SPIDER).
Abstract: We simulate multishot intensity-and-phase measurements of unstable trains of complex ultrashort pulses using second-harmonic-generation (SHG) frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) and spectral-phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction (SPIDER). Both techniques fail to see the pulse structure. But FROG yields the correct average pulse duration and suggests the instability by exhibiting significant disagreement between measured and retrieved traces. SPIDER retrieves the correct average spectral phase but significantly underestimates the average pulse duration. In short, SPIDER measures only the coherent artifact. An analytical calculation confirms this last fact.
91 citations
TL;DR: Frequency-resolved optical gating and spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction naturally operate single-shot, multi- shot variants are very common, so it is important to understand the effects of instability on multi-shot measurements.
Abstract: We simulate multi-shot intensity-and-phase measurements of unstable ultrashort-pulse trains using frequency-resolved-optical-gating (FROG) and spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction (SPIDER). Both techniques fail to reveal the pulse structure. FROG yields the average pulse duration and suggests the instability by exhibiting disagreement between measured and retrieved traces. SPIDER under-estimates the average pulse duration but retrieves the correct average pulse spectral phase. An analytical calculation confirms this behavior.
67 citations
TL;DR: The complete spatiotemporal characterization of the diffracted field of ultrashort pulses after passing through circularly symmetric binary phase diffraction gratings is carried out.
Abstract: The complete spatiotemporal characterization of the diffracted field of ultrashort pulses after passing through circularly symmetric binary phase diffraction gratings is carried out. The complex field is registered at different planes behind the gratings with an ultrashort-pulse measurement technique called SEA TADPOLE. Numerical simulations based on scalar diffraction theory are compared with the measurements.
30 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a self-referenced single-shot method for simultaneously measuring two different arbitrary pulses, which can potentially be complex and also have very different wavelengths, is presented.
Abstract: We demonstrate a simple self-referenced single-shot method for simultaneously measuring two different arbitrary pulses, which can potentially be complex and also have very different wavelengths. The method is a variation of cross-correlation frequency-resolved optical gating (XFROG) that we call double-blind (DB) FROG. It involves measuring two spectrograms, both of which are obtained simultaneously in a single apparatus. DB FROG retrieves both pulses robustly by using the standard XFROG algorithm, implemented alternately on each of the traces, taking one pulse to be “known” and solving for the other. We show both numerically and experimentally that DB FROG using a polarization-gating beam geometry works reliably and appears to have no nontrivial ambiguities.
27 citations
TL;DR: In this article, boundary diffraction wave theory is applied to pulsed Gaussian beams, and it is shown that the diffracted field of a pulsed gaussian beam on a circularly symmetric aperture can be evaluated by a single 1D integration along the diffracting aperture at every point of interest.
Abstract: We study the diffraction of Gaussian pulses and beams within the framework of boundary diffraction wave theory. For the first time the boundary diffraction wave theory is applied to pulsed Gaussian beams, and it is shown that the diffracted field of a pulsed Gaussian beam on a circularly symmetric aperture can be evaluated by a single 1D integration along the diffracting aperture at every point of interest. We compare theoretical simulations to experimental measurements of ultrashort pulses diffracted off a circular aperture, an opaque disc, an annular aperture, and a system of four concentric annular apertures. Using the recently developed SEA TADPOLE measurement technique, we obtain micron spatial and femtosecond temporal resolutions in the spatio-temporal measurements of the diffracted fields.
21 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a simple Gerchberg-Saxton-like phase diversity algorithm was proposed to recover the complete spatial component of the pulse field from measurements in only two planes.
Abstract: Even so-called “complete” ultrashort laser pulse-measurement techniques actually have ambiguities and so are not truly complete. In particular, the spectral-interferometry technique called scanning SEA TADPOLE measures the “complete” spatiotemporal intensity and phase of arbitrary ultrashort pulses (using a previously characterized spatially uniform reference pulse), but the difficulty of maintaining the stability of the required interferometer to submicron resolution while scanning in space usually blurs the frequency-independent spatial component of the pulse phase. We show here, however, that this information is actually still contained in the measured SEA TADPOLE data, and using a simple Gerchberg–Saxton-like phase-diversity algorithm, it can be recovered from measurements in only two planes, yielding a truly complete spatiotemporal measurement of the pulse field, limited only by any possible ambiguities present in the reference pulse.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the ability of double blind frequency-resolved optical gating to simultaneously measure two independent pulses at very different wavelengths on a single shot has been demonstrated, and the retrieval algorithm is robust and is capable of ignoring most forms of noise in the measured spectrograms.
Abstract: We experimentally demonstrate the ability of double blind frequency-resolved optical gating to simultaneously measure two independent pulses at very different wavelengths on a single shot. Our device uses polarization-gate geometry, allowing pulses at any two wavelengths and unlimited operating bandwidth. The retrieval algorithm is robust and is capable of ignoring most forms of noise in the measured spectrograms.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a simple and practical technique for the measurement of the complete temporal and spatio-temporal intensity and phase of laser pulses up to nanoseconds in length is presented.
Abstract: We review several recently developed simple, yet powerful, techniques for the measurement of the complete temporal (and spatiotemporal) intensity and phase of laser pulses up to nanoseconds in length. Spatially encoded arrangement for temporal analysis by dispersing a pair of light e-fields (SEA TADPOLE) is a simple and practical variation of spectral interferometry that can measure pulses as long as ~50 ps with complexities, that is, time-bandwidth products (TBPs) as large as ~100. SEA TADPOLE can also measure the complete spatiotemporal electric field of pulses with femtosecond temporal and submicrometer spatial resolution. Using a train of identical reference pulses, multiple delays for temporal analysis by dispersing a pair of light e-fields (MUD TADPOLE) extends SEA TADPOLE to pulses up to several nanoseconds long with TBPs of ~100 000 or more. Finally, a simple variation of frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) measures the complete intensity and phase of nanosecond-long laser pulses on a single shot without a reference pulse. It uses a novel approach in which the pulse to be measured is tilted by ~89.9°, so that one side of it precedes the other by over a meter, yielding several nanoseconds of delay without appreciably distorting the pulse in time. This remarkably simple and compact FROG device has no sensitive alignment parameters.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors simulate multi-shot FROG and SPIDER measurements of unstable pulse trains and find that FROG yields the approximate average duration, with disagreement between measured and retrieved traces, while SPIDER significantly under-estimates it, yielding only the coherent artifact.
Abstract: We simulate multi-shot FROG and SPIDER measurements of unstable pulse trains, finding that FROG yields the approximate average duration, with disagreement between measured and retrieved traces, while SPIDER significantly under-estimates it, yielding only the coherent artifact.
3 citations
06 May 2012
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors demonstrate double blind FROG for single-shot measurement of two non-trivial pulses, and show that the algorithm is simple and robust, even for complex pulses.
Abstract: We demonstrate double blind FROG for single-shot measurement of two non-trivial pulses. The pulse-retrieval algorithm is simple and robust, even for complex pulses.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors demonstrate a simple device for measuring two independent ultrashort pulses, each of which can potentially be costly and complex and can also have very different center wavelength, simultaneously in a single-shot.
Abstract: We demonstrate a simple device for measuring two independent ultrashort pulses, each of which can potentially be
complex and can also have very different center wavelength, simultaneously in a single-shot We call our device
"double-blind" FROG and it is implemented using a polarization-gate geometry In polarization-gate "double-blind"
FROG, each pulse acts as a reference pulse for the measurement of the other and yields the intensity and phase of both
pulses
TL;DR: In this article, two independent ultrashort pulses at very different center wavelengths (400nm and 800nm) are measured simultaneously on a single shot using Double Blind Polarization Gate Frequency-Resolved Optical Gating.
Abstract: Two independent ultrashort pulses at very different center wavelengths (400nm and 800nm) are measured simultaneously on a single shot using Double Blind Polarization Gate Frequency-Resolved Optical Gating.