ing WS1S Systems to Verify Parameterized Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 Kai Baukus, Saddek Bensalem, Yassine Lakhnech and Karsten Stahl FMona: A Tool for Expressing Validation Techniques over Infinite State Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 J.-P. Bodeveix and M. Filali Transitive Closures of Regular Relations for Verifying Infinite-State Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 Bengt Jonsson and Marcus Nilsson Diagnostic and Test Generation Using Static Analysis to Improve Automatic Test Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 Marius Bozga, Jean-Claude Fernandez and Lucian Ghirvu Efficient Diagnostic Generation for Boolean Equation Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 Radu Mateescu Efficient Model-Checking Compositional State Space Generation with Partial Order Reductions for Asynchronous Communicating Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266 Jean-Pierre Krimm and Laurent Mounier Checking for CFFD-Preorder with Tester Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 Juhana Helovuo and Antti Valmari Fair Bisimulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 Thomas A. Henzinger and Sriram K. Rajamani Integrating Low Level Symmetries into Reachability Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 Karsten Schmidt Model-Checking Tools Model Checking Support for the ASM High-Level Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331 Giuseppe Del Castillo and Kirsten Winter Table of

Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems. Proc. TACAS 2009

The Object Management Group's (OMG) Model Driven Architecture (MDA) strategy envisages a world where models play a more direct role in software production, being amenable to manipulation and transformation by machine. Model Driven Engineering (MDE) is wider in scope than MDA. MDE combines process and analysis with architecture. This article sets out a framework for model driven engineering, which can be used as a point of reference for activity in this area. It proposes an organisation of the modelling 'space' and how to locate models in that space. It discusses different kinds of mappings between models. It explains why process and architecture are tightly connected. It discusses the importance and nature of tools. It identifies the need for defining families of languages and transformations, and for developing techniques for generating/configuring tools from such definitions. It concludes with a call to align metamodelling with formal language engineering techniques.

Model Driven Engineering

International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors 2003の要求清浄度について － シリコンウエハ表面と雰囲気環境に要求される清浄度, 分析方法の現状について －

This paper describes the generic obstacle and lane detection system (GOLD), a stereo vision-based hardware and software architecture to be used on moving vehicles to increment road safety. Based on a full-custom massively parallel hardware, it allows to detect both generic obstacles (without constraints on symmetry or shape) and the lane position in a structured environment (with painted lane markings) at a rate of 10 Hz. Thanks to a geometrical transform supported by a specific hardware module, the perspective effect is removed from both left and right stereo images; the left is used to detect lane markings with a series of morphological filters, while both remapped stereo images are used for the detection of free-space in front of the vehicle. The output of the processing is displayed on both an on-board monitor and a control-panel to give visual feedbacks to the driver. The system was tested on the mobile laboratory (MOB-LAB) experimental land vehicle, which was driven for more than 3000 km along extra-urban roads and freeways at speeds up to 80 km/h, and demonstrated its robustness with respect to shadows and changing illumination conditions, different road textures, and vehicle movement.

/pdf/gold-a-parallel-real-time-stereo-vision-system-for-generic-3mpgpjb6f8.pdf

GOLD: a parallel real-time stereo vision system for generic obstacle and lane detection

As industry moves towards many-core chips, networks-on-chip (NoCs) are emerging as the scalable fabric for interconnecting the cores. With power now the first-order design constraint, early-stage estimation of NoC power has become crucially important. ORION [29] was amongst the first NoC power models released, and has since been fairly widely used for early-stage power estimation of NoCs. However, when validated against recent NoC prototypes -- the Intel 80-core Teraflops chip and the Intel Scalable Communications Core (SCC) chip -- we saw significant deviation that can lead to erroneous NoC design choices. This prompted our development of ORION 2.0, an extensive enhancement of the original ORION models which includes completely new subcomponent power models, area models, as well as improved and updated technology models. Validation against the two Intel chips confirms a substantial improvement in accuracy over the original ORION. A case study with these power models plugged within the COSI-OCC NoC design space exploration tool [23] confirms the need for, and value of, accurate early-stage NoC power estimation. To ensure the longevity of ORION 2.0, we will be releasing it wrapped within a semi-automated flow that automatically updates its models as new technology files become available.

/pdf/orion-2-0-a-fast-and-accurate-noc-power-and-area-model-for-3pivncxvm6.pdf

ORION 2.0: a fast and accurate NoC power and area model for early-stage design space exploration

We present the mathematical formalism and the verification methodology of the contract-based model developed in the framework of the SPEEDS project. SPEEDS aims at developing methods and tools to support ldquospeculative designrdquo, a design methodology in which distributed designers develop different aspects of the overall system, in a concurrent but controlled way. Our generic mathematical model of contract supports this style of development. This is achieved by focusing on behaviors, by supporting the notion of ldquorich componentrdquo where functional and non-functional aspects of the system can be considered and combined, by representing rich components via their set of associated contracts, and by formalizing the process of component composition.

/pdf/a-contract-based-formalism-for-the-specification-of-ri5ti6xrqv.pdf

A contract-based formalism for the specification of heterogeneous systems

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have recently been applied in various monitoring applications including hazardous gases detection. However, being a major power consumer of a sensor node, off-the-shelf gas sensors significantly constrain its lifetime. In this paper we present a WSN for hazardous gases detection with a special focus on the power consumption of the sensor node. The sensor node is designed on the basis of a planar catalytic sensor with improved power consumption characteristics. The power supply of the node is divided into digital and analogue parts. This is done to guarantee digital remote control of the device even when the analogue power source has already been depleted by the sensing circuit. In addition, we propose a differential gas measurement approach along with specific heating pulses for the sensor to secure substantial energy saving. The resulting average power consumption is 1.45 and 2.64 mW for the gas sensor and the sensor node respectively. With our techniques, the sensor node lifetime improves from 187 days up to 641 days.

/pdf/energy-aware-gas-sensing-using-wireless-sensor-networks-3lhkgufja6.pdf

Energy-Aware gas sensing using wireless sensor networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are a versatile technology that offers the ability to monitor real-world phenomena in detail and at large scale in scenarios where wired infrastructures are inapplicable or expensive. In this paper we present an ad-hoc WSN deployment for indoor environmental quality monitoring in office buildings. The indoor environmental quality and balance between inhabitant comfort level and power demands are the main objectives of this network. The presented system consists of 19 sensor devices continuously measuring vibration, temperature, humidity, light, and carbon dioxide levels in working areas. The power load of the building is measured by dedicated current sensor devices. Preliminary laboratory tests and data sets collected during 4 months of real world operation show that our system provides an accurate monitoring of indoor environmental parameters delivering high data reliability with an estimated lifetime exceeding 1.5 years, without the gas sensors. The paper presents the HW/SW architecture, the network infrastructure of the deployment and analyzes real measurement data.

/pdf/povomon-an-ad-hoc-wireless-sensor-network-for-indoor-3gwd1wtrq6.pdf

POVOMON: An Ad-hoc Wireless Sensor Network for indoor environmental monitoring

System level design is complex. One source of this complexity is that systems are often heterogeneous: different models of computation (e.g., dataflow, FSMs) are used to describe different components of a system. Existing formal methods for concurrent systems are typically based on one particular model of computation, so it is difficult to formalize the interaction between heterogeneous components. In this paper, we develop a framework for formalizing the relationships between different models of computation.

/pdf/overcoming-heterophobia-modeling-concurrency-in-2bdd0ch06y.pdf

Overcoming heterophobia: modeling concurrency in heterogeneous systems

Over recent years, the continuous interest in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has led to the appearance of new modeling methods and simulation environments for WSN applications. A broad variety of different simulation tools have been designed to explore and validate WSN systems before actual implementation and real-world deployment. These tools address different design aspects and offer various simulation abstractions to represent and model real-world behavior. In this article, we present a comprehensive comparative study of mainstream open-source simulation tools for WSNs. Two benchmark applications are designed to evaluate the frameworks with respect to the simulation runtime performance, network throughput, communication medium modeling, packet reception rate, network latency, and power consumption estimation accuracy. Such metrics are also evaluated against measurements on physical prototypes. Our experiments show that the tools produce equivalent results from a functional point of view and capacity to model communication phenomena, while the ability to model details of the execution platform significantly impacts the runtime simulation performance and the power estimation accuracy. The benchmark applications are also made available in the public domain for further studies.

Roberto Passerone

Papers

A contract-based formalism for the specification of heterogeneous systems

Energy-Aware gas sensing using wireless sensor networks

POVOMON: An Ad-hoc Wireless Sensor Network for indoor environmental monitoring

Overcoming heterophobia: modeling concurrency in heterogeneous systems

A Comparative Study of Recent Wireless Sensor Network Simulators