Sabrina Paolino

TL;DR: Recently, greater intake of vitamin D was associated with a lower risk of RA, as well as a significant clinical improvement was strongly correlated with the immunomodulating potential in vitamin D-treated RA patients.

TL;DR: The evaluation of nailfold capillaroscopy in autoimmune rheumatic diseases might represent a tool for the prediction of microvascular heart involvement by considering the systemic microv vascular derangement at the capillary nailfold.

TL;DR: Significantly lower 25(OH)D serum levels were observed in RA patients from North versus South Europe with a circannual rhythm in winter and summer time, and a significant correlation (negative) with RA clinical status (DAS28) in both North and South European RA patients, suggesting possible effects of vitamin D among other factors on disease activity.

TL;DR: Experts in the field of capillaroscopy/microcirculation provide in this very consensus paper their view on image acquisition and analysis, different capillsaroscopic techniques, normal and abnormal capillARoscopic characteristics and their meaning, scoring systems and reliability of image acquisitionand interpretation.

TL;DR: It emerged that in RA blood and in the synovial tissue, there isn't a clear distinction phase with M1 or M2 macrophages (by membrane marker analysis); rather there is M1 and M2 subset disequilibrium and by deeply analyses of mRNA gene and cytokine produced, it emerged that a non-coherent expression inner marker match with membrane molecules, and also the tissue section can define the marker expressed.