Showing papers in "Autoimmunity Reviews in 2019"

TL;DR: This extensive review of JAK inhibitors presents evidence- or hypothesis-based perspectives for these drugs in various rheumatologic conditions, such as r heumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, giant cell arteritis, and autoinflammatory diseases.

TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the literature and analysis of the most outstanding evidence have provided the basis for discussing the most relevant data related to IL-17A blocking agents for the treatment of different disorders, such as psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, cardiovascular disorders and solid cancer.

TL;DR: It emerged that in RA blood and in the synovial tissue, there isn't a clear distinction phase with M1 or M2 macrophages (by membrane marker analysis); rather there is M1 and M2 subset disequilibrium and by deeply analyses of mRNA gene and cytokine produced, it emerged that a non-coherent expression inner marker match with membrane molecules, and also the tissue section can define the marker expressed.

TL;DR: An inverse association between vitamin D levels and the development of several autoimmune diseases, such as SLE, thyrotoxicosis, type 1 DM, MS, iridocyclitis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, psoriasis vulgaris, seropositive RA, polymyalgia rheumatica is demonstrated.

TL;DR: In this paper, the associations between air pollution and immune-inflammatory responses, as well as mechanisms linking air pollution exposure and auto-immunity were discussed, focusing on the potential roles of air pollution in major autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

TL;DR: Putative points of action of polyphenols in autoimmune diseases are discussed, characterizing their efficacy and safety as therapeutic agents in managing autoimmune disorders.

TL;DR: The research on the miRNA alterations in RA sheds light to several aspects of RA pathogenesis, introduces new biomarkers for RA diagnosis and treatment response prediction and offers the opportunity to discover new, targeted drugs for patients with RA.

TL;DR: An overview of the future therapeutic targets, including bDMARDs (inhibitors of IL-6, GM-CSF, matrix metalloproteinases, chemokines, and targeted synthetic DMARDs), and environmental targets is addressed, and patient profiling can improve the clinical outcome is addressed.

TL;DR: 5-ASA was more effective than placebo in both induction and maintenance treatment of UC, but there were conflicting results on the effect of 5- ASA on the induction treatment or relapse of CD.

TL;DR: The aim of this review is to describe different drug development strategies and evaluate how various molecules have performed in clinical trials to date, and to better understand the unique mechanisms of action of the different molecules.

TL;DR: Current evidence supporting a role of neutrophils and NETosis in tissue injury and dysfunction in systemic autoimmunity is reviewed using as disease paradigms Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and the ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV).

TL;DR: An overview of the (clinical) performance characteristics of monospecific assays as well as of multispecificAssays for detection of myositis-specific autoantibodies is given and it is discussed that efforts are needed to harmonize and standardize detection of MSA.

TL;DR: While immunosuppressive therapies are associated with significant functional improvements in most patients with C-ILD, substantial uncertainty remains about the best treatment strategy in the absence of good quality evidence.

TL;DR: It is suggested GD patients who are still sick, or who develop new unspecific symptoms (even if during an appropriate treatment of hyperthyroidism) should be appropriately screened for the presence of other autoimmune disorders.

TL;DR: For the first time, a clinical expert based fast track decision algorithm has been developed to differentiate a "non-scleroderma" from a "sclerodma pattern" on capillaroscopy images, demonstrating excellent reliability when applied by capilaroscopists with varying levels of expertise versus the principal expert and corroborated with external validation.

TL;DR: The overarching aim of this work was to clarify the meaning of specific biomarkers during autoimmune diseases; their possible role in confirming diagnosis, predicting outcome and suggesting specific treatments.

TL;DR: CAAG represents a pre-neoplastic condition, as patients with CAAG are very likely to develop either type-1 gastric neuroendocrine tumors and gastric adenocarcinomas, as well as several other neoplastic diseases.

TL;DR: Those parameters allow the calculation of the post-test probability of GCA in a given patient, based on the results of temporal artery ultrasound and will help improving the diagnosis strategy for this common disease.

TL;DR: Treatment modalities include systemically administered corticosteroids, steroid-sparing immunosuppressive agents, and biologic therapies (rituximab, intravenous immunoglobulins, and anti-tumor necrosis factor agents).

TL;DR: The characteristic of M1 and M2 macrophages is discussed, focusing on the immunoregulatory role of M2 cells and their potential ability to control the inflammation and to promote the immunological tolerance.

TL;DR: The aim of this review is to evaluate the pros and cons of whether it is more appropriate to choose a second anti-TNF biological agents after the failure of the first or swap treatment early.

TL;DR: Most of the new data on innate immune system is covered, which will cover its importance in the development of autoimmunity and new treatments were developed following better understanding of these pathways.

TL;DR: Substantial AID heterogeneity exists by race and by geographic area, and an important research area is further exploring factors related to heterogeneity such as potential interactions between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors.

TL;DR: In conclusion, inhibition of inflammation using biological medications that were primarily aimed to treat the high scale inflammation of RA and other autoimmune-inflammatory diseases, but may be useful also to prevent progression of atherosclerosis is suggested.

TL;DR: Inadequate levels of serum vitamin D is significantly high in patients with SLE compared to healthy subjects, therefore, vitamin D supplementation with regular monitoring should be considered as part of their health management plans.

TL;DR: The current data regarding the newly proposed biomarkers for SS associated lymphoma prediction and a hypothetical model of lymphomagenesis based on the emerging data are presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a regular update of the management recommendations of several institutions, such as those for Rheumatoid Arthritis treatment that address the use of conventional and biologic therapies including TNF inhibitors (adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, etanercept, golimumab and infliximab), abatacept, rituximab, IL-6 inhibitors (tocilizumaab and sarilumab), biosimilars and small oral molecules (the JAK inhibitors tofacitinib and

TL;DR: The aim of this review is to discuss the possible involvement of Th17 cells in renal autoimmunity and its value for future therapeutic approaches.

TL;DR: The literature of the emerging field of Mendelian lupus is reviewed and the physiopathological learning from these inborn errors of immunity is discussed, as well as specific therapies that have been tested in these genetic contexts.

TL;DR: The biological characteristics and recent progress of the involvement of P2X7R in the development and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, as well as its clinical implications and therapeutic potential are summarized.