I. Vitamin D Endocrine System RESEARCH directed at defining the molecular mode of action of vitamin D is currently at its apex. There is now evidence implicating the essential involvement of vitamin D metabolites in a host of cellular processes, including calcium homeostasis, immunology, cell differentiation, and regulation of gene transcription. Further, there is evidence that the hormonally active form of vitamin D, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1α,25(OH)2D3], may generate biological responses via both regulation of gene transcription as well as via nongenomic pathways, some of which involve opening of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. In addition, there are many examples of pathological disruption of the normal state in which a drug form of a vitamin D metabolite is proposed to be a (potentially) useful form of treatment, e.g. renal osteodystrophy, psoriasis, leukemia, breast cancer, and osteoporosis. B. From vitamin to steroid hormone The importance of the molecule vitamin D in the biological systems of highe...

Structure-Function Relationships in the Vitamin D Endocrine System*

Introduction Vitamin D is generally accepted as being essential for life in higher animals (278). It is one of the most important biological regulators of calcium and phosphorus (406) metabolism. Along with the two peptide hormones PTH and calcitonin, vitamin D is responsible for the minute-to-minute as well as the day-to-day establishment and maintenance of calcium homeostasis. The substance vitamin D, or cholecalciferol, was first identified through the nutritional studies of Sir Edward Mellanby (243), which identified rickets as a disease state resulting from a deficiency of vitamin D, as well as through the biochemical/chemical studies of McCollum and co-workers (242), who demonstrated that there was more than one fat-soluble vitamin. Together these studies established a deficiency state, namely rickets, which was attributable to the newly discovered, nutritionally important fat-soluble component, vitamin D. In retrospect, however, the most important discovery related to the appreciation by Huldschins...

The vitamin D endocrine system: steroid metabolism, hormone receptors, and biological response (calcium binding proteins).

Recent advances in the preparation and synthetic applications of oxiranes

Glucocorticoids Glucocorticoids have complex effects on calcium regulation and bone metabolism. Clinically, glucocorticoid excess causes impaired skeletal growth and decreased bone mass.25 Yet it seems likely that glucocorticoids have a physiologic role in regulating bone growth. Glucocorticoid excess decreases the intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate and increases their renal excretion. These effects can produce secondary hyperparathyroidism and might be expected to produce osteomalacia. However, the osteopenia associated with glucocorticoids is termed osteoporosis because there is no obvious defect in mineralization. This may be because glucocorticoids also inhibit the formation of new matrix, so that wide osteoid seams do not . . .

Regulation of bone formation.

Cholesterol autoxidation 1981-1986.

Biological activity of 24,24-difluoro-1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-26,23-lactone in inducing Differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells

Synthesis of 24,24-difluoro-25-hydroxyvitamin D3

Facile, stereoselective synthesis of (24R)-24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 using D-glyceric acid as a chiral synthon

https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1016/0014-5793%2881%2980603-5

Sachiko Yamada

Papers

Biological activity of 24,24-difluoro-1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-26,23-lactone in inducing Differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells

Synthesis of 24,24-difluoro-25-hydroxyvitamin D3

Facile, stereoselective synthesis of (24R)-24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 using D-glyceric acid as a chiral synthon

Stereochemistry of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3—26,23-lactone and 1α,25—dihydroxyvitamin D3—26,23-lactone in rat serum

Stereoselective synthesis of (25S)-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 26,23-lactone