Bioenergy and bio-products from bio-waste and its associated modern circular economy: Current research trends, challenges, and future outlooks

Lipases (triacylglycerol acylhydrolases, EC 3.1.1.3) are one of the largest groups of enzymes and are used in various industrial processes. Lipases of microbial origin are currently receiving increased attention for industrial application as microorganisms grow quickly and are easily genetically manipulated. Furthermore, they offer several advantages, such as catalysis of diverse reactions, high specificity, high yields, low energy consumption and reduced processing time and production costs. There is a relentless ongoing effort to optimise the production of microbial lipases for potential application in the food industry. In this context, this review highlights the most promising techniques for producing microbial lipases and the recent applications of these lipases in dairy, oils and fats, bakery and confectionery, meat, flavours and aromas and other food industries. Microbial lipases are normally obtained by fermentation, but the high costs of carbon and nitrogen sources limit the process. To overcome this problem, low-cost agro-industrial residues in the lipase production process are explored. To obtain lipases with high yields and improved characteristics, the technique of protein engineering is described as promising, and the immobilization method that allows the recycling of lipases to improve their catalytic performance is focused. Due to their catalytic properties and versatility, lipases of microbial origin are considered extremely important catalysts in the food industry, meeting the demand for tastier foods with pleasant aromas and textures. Therefore, microbial lipases are considered safe and sustainable biocatalysts. • Microbial lipases are considered promising biocatalysts for industrial application. • Advances in protein engineering and immobilization techniques increase the use of lipases. • Agro-industrial residues can be used for both production and lipase immobilization. • Lipases are of great importance in enhancing the flavor, aroma, and texture of foods. • The use of microbial lipases in industries represents a safe and promising green tool. 

Microbial lipases: Propitious biocatalysts for the food industry

Exploring new marine bacterial species, Alcaligenes faecalis Alca F2018 valued for bioconversion of shrimp chitin to chitosan for concomitant biotechnological applications

Colors with their attractive appeal have been an integral part of human lives and the easy cascade of chemical catalysis enables fast, bulk production of these synthetic colorants with low costs. However, the resulting hazardous impacts on the environment and human health has stimulated an interest in natural pigments as a safe and ecologically clean alternative. Amidst sources of natural producers, the microbes with their diversity, ease of all-season production and peculiar bioactivities are attractive entities for industrial production of these marketable natural colorants. Further, in line with circular bioeconomy and environmentally clean technologies, the use of agro-industrial wastes as feedstocks for carrying out the microbial transformations paves way for sustainable and cost-effective production of these valuable secondary metabolites with simultaneous waste management. The present review aims to comprehensively cover the current green workflow of microbial colorant production by encompassing the potency of waste feedstocks and fermentation technologies. The commercially important pigments viz. astaxanthin, prodigiosin, canthaxanthin, lycopene, and β-carotene produced by native and engineered bacterial, fungal, or yeast strains have been elaborately discussed with their versatile applications in food, pharmaceuticals, textiles, cosmetics, etc. The limitations and their economic viability to meet the future market demands have been envisaged. The most recent advances in various molecular approaches to develop engineered microbiological systems for enhanced pigment production have been included to provide new perspectives to this burgeoning field of research. Graphical Abstract An illustration exhibiting perusal of natural pigment production as a safe alternative to synthetic ones.

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Colorful Treasure From Agro-Industrial Wastes: A Sustainable Chassis for Microbial Pigment Production

An outlook on modern and sustainable approaches to the management of grape pomace by integrating green processes, biotechnologies and advanced biomedical approaches

Sajeev Soni

Papers

Insights on sustainable approaches for production and applications of value added products.