Knowledge Management

The use of whole plants for the synthesis of recombinant proteins has received a great deal of attention recently because of advantages in economy, scalability and safety compared with traditional microbial and mammalian production systems. However, production systems that use whole plants lack several of the intrinsic benefits of cultured cells, including the precise control over growth conditions, batch-to-batch product consistency, a high level of containment and the ability to produce recombinant proteins in compliance with good manufacturing practice. Plant cell cultures combine the merits of whole-plant systems with those of microbial and animal cell cultures, and already have an established track record for the production of valuable therapeutic secondary metabolites. Although no recombinant proteins have yet been produced commercially using plant cell cultures, there have been many proof-of-principle studies and several companies are investigating the commercial feasibility of such production systems.

Plant cell cultures for the production of recombinant proteins

In recent years, both the academic and practitioner-based literatures have witnessed a spate of interest in the management of supplier relationships. In particular, the movement from transaction to relational modes of buyer–supplier interaction has been highlighted as a dramatic shift. This article reexamines the nature of management of supplier relationships from the perspective of resource interfaces. We propose a categorization of four different interfaces based on how a focal customer can access its suppliers' resources. The four different interfaces serve different purposes and have various implications for static (productivity) and dynamic (innovativity) efficiency. We conclude by highlighting the costs and benefits of establishing and maintaining different supplier interfaces. The main implication stemming from our analysis is that buying firms need a variety of supplier interfaces to pursue productivity and innovativity objectives.

Managing interfaces with suppliers

Esterase plays a major role in the degradation of natural materials and industrial pollutants, viz, cereal wastes, plastics, and other toxic chemicals It is useful in the synthesis of optically pure compounds, perfumes, and antioxidants The potential applications of esterase with reference to agriculture, food, and pharmaceutical industries, are discussed in this review Promising applications in this avenue can be supported by appropriate production strategies

Production and applications of esterases

Foreign protein degradation and instability in plants and plant tissue cultures

Port selection factors by shipping lines: Different perspectives between trunk liners and feeder service providers

How supply chain oriented is the port sector

Pluronic F-68, PEG 8000, or PEG 20 000 added to cell suspension cultures of transgenic Nicotiana tabacum promoted cell growth and the production of the recombinant murine granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (mGM-CSF) in a 5-l stirred tank bioreactor. The specific growth rates were enhanced from 0.27 d−1 to 0.47 d−1, 0.37 d−1 and 0.4 d−1 when Pluronic F-68, PEG 8000, or PEG 20 000 was added, respectively. The maximum cell density was also increased most to 13.6 g l−1 when Pluronic F-68 was added (11.3 g l−1 in the control culture). In terms of mGM-CSF production, PEG 8000 gave the greatest stimulation and with 2 g PEG 8000 l−1, mGM-CSF increased from 1.6 to 6.6 ng ml−1.

Stimulation of murine granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor production by Pluronic F-68 and polyethylene glycol in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum cell culture

e-Transformation in container ports means port organization-wide innovative transformation encompassing internal and external value chains based on information and communication technology. There is a considerable theoretical literature on the impact of e-Transformation on business performance, but there is very little empirical study on its effectiveness in ports. The objective of this paper is to empirically investigate how e-Transformation in container port management can influence customer satisfaction and port competitiveness. The findings reveal that e-Transformation in container ports can affect customer satisfaction and port competitiveness through e-Workplace, customer relationship management and security, implying that container ports should make every effort to focus on e-transformation in these critical areas. Due to limited empirical studies in this area, the findings have provided an empirical support for the importance of e-Transformation in container terminal management and shed mo...

Port e-Transformation, customer satisfaction and competitiveness

Bioreactor operation for transgenic Nicotiana tabacum cell cultures and continuous production of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor by perfusion culture

Sang-Yoon Lee

Papers

Port selection factors by shipping lines: Different perspectives between trunk liners and feeder service providers

How supply chain oriented is the port sector

Stimulation of murine granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor production by Pluronic F-68 and polyethylene glycol in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum cell culture

Port e-Transformation, customer satisfaction and competitiveness

Bioreactor operation for transgenic Nicotiana tabacum cell cultures and continuous production of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor by perfusion culture